SpringBoot集成测试

Spring 的 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner可以在基于JUnit的应用程序测试里加载Spring 应用程序上下文。在测试Spring Boot应用程序时，Spring Boot除了拥有Spring的集成测试支持，还开启了自动配置和web服务器，并提供了不少实用的测试辅助工具

 

 

 

spring 测试

集成测试

spring TestContext Framework

上下文管理

@ContextConfiguration

@ContextHierarchy

@WebAppConfiguration

@DirtiesContext

依赖注入

事务管理

@BeforeTransaction

@AfterTransaction

@Commit

@Rollback

JDBC测试支持

 

spring webmvc Test Framework

服务端测试

HtmlUnit 集成

客户端测试

 

 

spring boot 测试

注解

@SpringBootTest

配置属性

Spring Bean 配置

Web 环境

 

自动装配测试

JSON

Spring WebMVC

Data JPA

JDBC

RestClient

 

 

Spring 集成测试：

spring boot 1.5.14

 

实体类

package cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.domain;   public class Person { private String id; private String name; private Integer age;   public String getId() { return id; }   public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; }   public String getName() { return name; }   public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }   public Integer getAge() { return age; }   public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } }

配置类

package cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.configuration;     import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.domain.Person; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;   @Configuration public class PersonConfiguration {   @Bean("primaryPerson") @Primary public Person person(){ Person person = new Person(); person.setId("1"); person.setName("shendu"); person.setAge(24); return person; }   }

编写监听器，可以监控测试上下文，例如在方法执行前做出提示

package cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.listener;   import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.domain.Person; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.test.context.TestContext; import org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestExecutionListener;   public class PersonIegrationTestListener extends AbstractTestExecutionListener{   public void beforeTestMethod(TestContext testContext) throws Exception {   /* ApplicationContext applicationContext = testContext.getApplicationContext(); applicationContext.getBean("primaryPerson", Person.class)*/   System.err.println("before: "+ testContext.getTestMethod()); }   public void afterTestMethod(TestContext testContext) throws Exception { System.err.println("after: "+testContext.getTestMethod()); }     }

编写集成测试类：

package cn.shendu.springbootlesson19;     import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.configuration.PersonConfiguration; import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.domain.Person; import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.listener.PersonIegrationTestListener; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextHierarchy; import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener;   @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) // 执行时先运行 SpringRunner 这部分 装载 @ContextHierarchy({ @ContextConfiguration( classes = PersonConfiguration.class // 相当于注册PersonConfiguration 这个bean ) } ) /* TestExecutionListener TestExecutionListeners 添加后 覆盖了   org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener,\ org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener,\ org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener,\ org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener,\ org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener,\ org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener   这些行为   所以要 加上 依赖 */ @TestExecutionListeners(listeners = {PersonIegrationTestListener.class, DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class}) //测试上下文 public class PersonIegrationTest { @Autowired private Person person;   @Before public void methodBefore(){ System.err.println("methodBefore"); }   @Test public void testPrimaryPerson(){ Assert.assertEquals("shendu",person.getName());   }   @After public void methodAfter(){ System.err.println("methodAfter"); }   }

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spring Boot集成测试，

 

只加载 PersonConfiguration

package cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.spring.boot;   import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.configuration.PersonConfiguration; import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.domain.Person; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;   @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = PersonConfiguration.class) // 细粒度，模块化的测试 public class PersonSpringBootTest { @Autowired private Person person;   @Test public void testPrimaryPerson(){ Assert.assertEquals("shendu",person.getName());   } }

web mvc 测试

package cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.spring.boot;   import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.configuration.PersonConfiguration; import cn.shendu.springbootlesson19.controller.PersonController; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;   import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;   @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @WebMvcTest(PersonController.class) @Import(PersonConfiguration.class) public class PersonControllerSpringBootTest { @Autowired private MockMvc mvc;   @Test public void testPerson() throws Exception { mvc.perform(get("/person").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)). andExpect(status().isOk()); }   }

 

 

 

 

@Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @BootstrapWith(WebMvcTestContextBootstrapper.class) @OverrideAutoConfiguration(enabled = false) @TypeExcludeFilters(WebMvcTypeExcludeFilter.class) @AutoConfigureCache @AutoConfigureWebMvc @AutoConfigureMockMvc @ImportAutoConfiguration public @interface WebMvcTest {     web mvc test 接口 ， 实际上 导入 了 @AutoConfigureMockMvc，spring 实际上 是根据情况，导入 spring-boot-test-autoconfigure-1.5.8.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\spring.factories 下的类，从而达到细粒度测试的目的

 

 

spring.factories 部分代码

# AutoConfigureMockMvc auto-configuration imports org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc=\ org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcSecurityAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcWebClientAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcWebDriverAutoConfiguration

 

参考：

小马哥spring boot 教程

Spring Boot实战 ,丁雪丰 (译者)