python中path函数_python 中的os.path.split()函数用法

基本概念

os.path.split()通过一对链表的头和尾来划分路径名。链表的tail是是最后的路径名元素。head则是它前面的元素。

举个例子：

path name = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'

在上面的这个例子中，路径名字file.txt称之为tail 路径‘/home/User/Desktop/’ 称之为head。tail部分永远不会包含斜杠符号。如果这个路径名字以斜杠结束，那么tail就是为空。

如果没有斜杠在路径中，那么head是为空的。下面是详细的参数：

path head tail

'/home/user/Desktop/file.txt' '/home/user/Desktop/' 'file.txt'

'/home/user/Desktop/' '/home/user/Desktop/' {empty}

'file.txt' {empty} 'file.txt'

实例分析

1 实例一：

# Python program to explain os.path.split() method

# importing os module

import os

# path

path = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'

# Split the path in

# head and tail pair

head_tail = os.path.split(path)

# print head and tail

# of the specified path

print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])

print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n")

# path

path = '/home/User/Desktop/'

# Split the path in

# head and tail pair

head_tail = os.path.split(path)

# print head and tail

# of the specified path

print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])

print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n")

# path

path = 'file.txt'

# Split the path in

# head and tail pair

head_tail = os.path.split(path)

# print head and tail

# of the specified path

print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])

print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1])

2 结果：

Head of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': /home/User/Desktop

Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': file.txt

Head of '/home/User/Desktop/': /home/User/Desktop

Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/':

Head of 'file.txt':

Tail of 'file.txt': file.txt

3 实例二

# Python program to explain os.path.split() method

# importing os module

import os

# path

path = ''

# Split the path in

# head and tail pair

head_tail = os.path.split(path)

# print head and tail

# of the specified path

print("Head of '% s':" % path, head_tail[0])

print("Tail of '% s':" % path, head_tail[1])

# os.path.split() function

# will return empty

# head and tail if

# specified path is empty

4 测试结果：

Head of '':

Tail of '':

参考文档