python初学火车座位判断_Python学习之正则表达式（一）

你可能熟悉文本查找，按Ctrl+F即可

正则表达式则更进一步，能够制定你要查找的模式

1. 普通查找

def isPhoneNumber(text):

if len(text) != 12:

return False

for i in range(0, 3):

if not text[i].isdecimal():

return False

if text[3] != '-':

return False

for i in range(4, 7):

if not text[i].isdecimal():

return False

if text[7] != '-':

return False

for i in range(8, 12):

if not text[i].isdecimal():

return False

return True

print(isPhoneNumber('415-555-4242'))

2. 正则查找

import re

phoneNumRegex = re.compile(r'\d\d\d-\d\d\d\-\d\d\d\d')

mo = phoneNumRegex.search('My number is 415-555-8888.')

print(mo.group())

3.匹配更多模式

括号匹配

import re

phoneNumRegex = re.compile(r'(\d\d\d)-(\d\d\d-\d\d\d\d)')

mo = phoneNumRegex.search('My number is 415-555-4242.')

print(mo.group(1))

print(mo.group(2))

print(mo.group(0))

print(mo.group(1)+mo.group(2))

管道匹配

import re

heroRegex = re.compile(r'Batman|Tina Fey')将匹配两个中的一个

mo1 = heroRegex.search('Batman and Tina Fey.')

print(mo1.group())

mo2 = heroRegex.search('Tina Fey and Batman.')

print(mo2.group())

问号匹配

import re

batRegex = re.compile(r'Bat(wo)?man')

mo1 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batman')

print(mo1.group())

mo2 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batwoman')

print(mo2.group())

?表示一次或者零次

星号匹配

import re

batRegex = re.compile(r'Bat(wo)*man')

mo1 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batman')

print(mo1.group())

mo2 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batwowowowowowoman')

print(mo2.group())

*表示多次或者零次

加号匹配

import re

batRegex = re.compile(r'Bat(wo)+man')

mo1 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batwoman')

print(mo1.group())

mo2 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batwowowowowowoman')

print(mo2.group())

mo3 = batRegex.search('The Adventures of Batman')

print(mo3 == None)

+意味着匹配一次或多从 但是加号前面的分组至少出现一次

花括号匹配

import re

haRegex = re.compile(r'(Ha){3}')

mo1 = haRegex.search('HaHaHa')

print(mo1.group())

mo2 = haRegex.search('HaHa')

print(mo2 == None)

匹配固定次数

4.贪心匹配

import re

greedyHaRegex = re.compile(r'(Ha){3,5}')

mo1 = greedyHaRegex.search('HaHaHaHaHa')

print(mo1.group())

5.findall方法

import re

phoneNumRegex = re.compile(r'\d\d\d-\d\d\d-\d\d\d\d')

mo = phoneNumRegex.findall('Cell:415-555-9999 work:212-555-0000')

print(mo)

phoneNumRegex = re.compile(r'(\d\d\d)-(\d\d\d)-(\d\d\d\d)')

mo = phoneNumRegex.findall('Cell:415-555-9999 work:212-555-0000')

print(mo)