python中typeerror怎么解决_Python 3中套接字编程中遇到TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface的解决办法...

目前正在学习python，使用的工具为python3.2.3。发现3x版本和2x版本有些差异，在套接字编程时，困扰了我很久，先将python核心编程书中的例子

代码如下:

服务器端:

#Echo server program

from socket import *

from time importctime

HOST= '' #Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces

PORT = 50007 #Arbitrary non-privileged port

BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)

tcpSerSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)

tcpSerSock.listen(5)whileTrue:print('waiting for connection...')

tcpCliSock, addr=tcpSerSock.accept()print('...connected from:', addr)whileTrue:

data=tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)if notdata:breaktcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data)))

tcpCliSock.close()

tcpSerSock.close()

客户端

#Echo client program

from socket import*HOST= '127.0.0.1'PORT= 50007 #The same port as used by the server

BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)

tcpCliSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)whileTrue:

data= input('>')if notdata:breaktcpCliSock.send(data)

data=tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)if notdata:break

print(data)

tcpCliSock.close()

报错：

TypeError:'str' does not support the buffer interface

找问题找了好久，在StackOverflow上发现有人也出现同样的问题，并一个叫Scharron的人提出了解答：

In python 3, bytes strings and unicodestrings are now two different types. Since sockets are not aware of string encodings, they are using raw bytes strings, that have a slightly differentinterface from unicode strings.

So, now, whenever you have a unicode stringthat you need to use as a byte string, you need toencode() it. And whenyou have a byte string, you need to decode it to use it as a regular(python 2.x) string.

Unicode strings are quotes enclosedstrings. Bytes strings are b"" enclosed strings

When you use client_socket.send(data),replace it by client_socket.send(data.encode()). When you get datausing data = client_socket.recv(512), replace it by data =client_socket.recv(512).decode()

同时我看了一下python帮助文档：

Codec.encode(input[, errors])

Encodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Encoding converts a string objectto abytes object using a particular character set encoding

Codec.decode(input[, errors])

Decodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Decoding converts a bytes objectencoded using a particular character set encoding to a string object.

input must be a bytes object or one whichprovides the read-only character buffer interface – for example, buffer objectsand memory mapped files.

套接字的成员函数send

socket.send(bytes[, flags]) 形参为字节类型

socket.recv(bufsize[, flags]) Receive datafrom the socket. The return value is abytesobject representing the data received.

所以修正后代码如下：

服务器端：

#Echo server program

from socket import *

from time importctime

HOST= '' #Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces

PORT = 50007 #Arbitrary non-privileged port

BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)

tcpSerSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)

tcpSerSock.listen(5)whileTrue:print('waiting for connection...')

tcpCliSock, addr=tcpSerSock.accept()print('...connected from:', addr)whileTrue:

data=tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()if notdata:breaktcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data)).encode())

tcpCliSock.close()

tcpSerSock.close()

客服端:

#Echo client program

from socket import*HOST= '127.0.0.1'PORT= 50007 #The same port as used by the server

BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)

tcpCliSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)whileTrue:

data= input('>')if notdata:breaktcpCliSock.send(data.encode())

data=tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()if notdata:break

print(data)

tcpCliSock.close()

运行结果: 达到预期

在使用这些函数时想当然去用，没有去查找帮助文档，没有弄清楚传参类型，可能是一个例题，没有注意这些，但是得吸取教训。

同样的在udp的情况下：修正过的

服务器端:

from socket import *

from time importctime

HOST= '';

PORT= 21546BUFSIZE= 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)

udpSerSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)whileTrue:print('waiting for message...')

data, addr=udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)

udpSerSock.sendto(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode())).encode(), addr)print('...received from and returned to:', addr)

udpSerSock.close()

客户端:

from socket import *HOST= 'localhost'PORT= 21567BUFSIZE= 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)whileTrue:

tcpCliSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)

data= input('>')if notdata:breaktcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' %data).encode())

data=tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()if notdata:break

print(data.strip())

tcpCliSock.close()

使用socketserver模块:

服务器端：

#TsTservss.py

from socketserver importTCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRHfrom time importctime

HOST= ''PORT= 21567ADDR=(HOST, PORT)classMyRequestHandler(SRH):defhandle(self):print('...connected from:', self.client_address)

self.wfile.write(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), self.rfile.readline().decode())).encode())

tcpServ=TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)print('waiting for connection...')

tcpServ.serve_forever()

客户端：

from socket import *HOST= 'localhost'PORT= 21567BUFSIZE= 1024ADDR=(HOST, PORT)whileTrue:

tcpCliSock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)

data= input('>')if notdata:breaktcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' %data).encode())

data=tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()if notdata:break

print(data.strip())

tcpCliSock.close()