python数据分析与可视化pdf_python data analysis data visualization：（python数据分析数据可视化）.pdf...

python data analysis data visualization：（python数据分析数据可视化）

Data Visualization

One of the first steps in data analysis is visualization. Even when looking at a table of

values, we can form a mental image of what the data might look like when graphed.

Data visualization calls for the conception and analysis of the visual representation of

information, signifying data that has been abstracted in some formal pattern, including

properties or quantities for units of measurements of the data. Data visualization is

tightly associated with scientific visualization and statistical graphics. The Python

matplotlib (all lowercase) library is a well-known plotting library based on NumPy,

which we will be using in this chapter. It has an object-oriented and a procedural

MATLAB-like API, which can be used in parallel. A gallery with matplotlib examples

can be found at /gallery.html. The following is a list of

topics that will be covered in this chapter:

• Basic matplotlib plots

• Logarithmic plots

• Scatter plots

• Legends and annotations

• Three-dimensional plots

• Plotting in pandas

• Lag plots

• Autocorrelation plots

• Plot.ly

Data Visualization

matplotlib subpackages

If we pick up our pkg_check.py file provided in the code bundle and change the

code to list the matplotlib subpackages, we get the following result:

matplotlib version 1.3.1

matplotlib.axes

matplotlib.backends

pat

matplotlib.delaunay DESCRIPTION :Author: Robert Kern

:Copyright: Copyright 2005 Robert Kern.

:License: BSD-style license. See LICENSE.tx

jections

matplotlib.sphinxext

matplotlib.style

matplotlib.testing

matplotlib.tests

matplotlib.tri

The subpackage names are pretty self-explanatory. Backends refers to the way

the end result is output. This can be one of several file formats or on the screen

in a graphical user interface. For completeness, refer to the following snippet

with the changed lines in pkg_che