python教程简书_python 3.7极速入门教程7互联网

7互联网

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urllib

urllib是用于打开URL的Python模块。

import urllib.request

# open a connection to a URL using urllib

webUrl = urllib.request.urlopen('https://china-testing.github.io/address.html')

#get the result code and print it

print ("result code: " + str(webUrl.getcode()))

# read the data from the URL and print it

data = webUrl.read()

print (data)

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json

json是一种受JavaScript对象文字语法启发的轻量级数据交换格式。是目前互联网最流行的数据交换格式。

json公开了标准库marshal和pickle模块的用户所熟悉的API。

>>> import json

>>> json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}])

'["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]'

>>> print(json.dumps("\"foo\bar"))

"\"foo\bar"

>>> print(json.dumps('\u1234'))

"\u1234"

>>> print(json.dumps('\\'))

"\\"

>>> print(json.dumps({"c": 0, "b": 0, "a": 0}, sort_keys=True))

{"a": 0, "b": 0, "c": 0}

>>> from io import StringIO

>>> io = StringIO()

>>> json.dump(['streaming API'], io)

>>> io.getvalue()

'["streaming API"]'

参考资料

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XML

XML即可扩展标记语言(eXtensible Markup Language)。它旨在存储和传输中小数据量，并广泛用于共享结构化信息。

import xml.dom.minidom

doc = xml.dom.minidom.parse("test.xml");

# print out the document node and the name of the first child tag

print (doc.nodeName)

print (doc.firstChild.tagName)

# get a list of XML tags from the document and print each one

expertise = doc.getElementsByTagName("expertise")

print ("{} expertise:".format(expertise.length))

for skill in expertise:

print(skill.getAttribute("name"))

# create a new XML tag and add it into the document

newexpertise = doc.createElement("expertise")

newexpertise.setAttribute("name", "BigData")

doc.firstChild.appendChild(newexpertise)

print (" ")

expertise = doc.getElementsByTagName("expertise")

print ("{} expertise:".format(expertise.length))

for skill in expertise:

print (skill.getAttribute("name"))

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ElementTree是处理XML文件的简便方法。

import xml.dom.minidom

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('items.xml')

root = tree.getroot()

# all items data

print('Expertise Data:')

for elem in root:

for subelem in elem:

print(subelem.text)

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