以下是一个简单的Matlab代码实现,用于解决二维矩形切割问题:
```
% 木板最优切割算法
% 输入:wood - 木板大小 [length, width]
% products - 产品信息 [length, width, num, profit]
% 输出:cuts - 木板切割方案(每块木板上的矩形) [num_wood, num_rect, x, y, w, h]
% usage - 木板使用情况 [num_wood, length, width],-1表示未使用
% profit - 总利润
function [cuts, usage, profit] = wood_cutting(wood, products)
% 计算每个产品需要的最小木板数
num_products = size(products, 1);
num_wood = size(wood, 1);
num_boards = zeros(num_products, 1);
for i = 1:num_products
num_boards(i) = ceil(products(i, 3) / max_num(wood, products(i, 1:2)));
end
% 对每个产品进行切割
cuts = cell(num_wood, num_products);
usage = -1 * ones(num_wood, wood(1), wood(2));
profit = 0;
for i = 1:num_products
for j = 1:num_boards(i)
% 在剩余木板中查找可用的矩形
max_area = 0;
max_board = 0;
max_rect = [];
for k = 1:num_wood
if usage(k, 1, 1) == -1
continue;
end
[rect, area] = find_rectangle(usage(k, :, :), products(i, 1), products(i, 2));
if area > max_area
max_area = area;
max_board = k;
max_rect = rect;
end
end
% 切割矩形
if ~isempty(max_rect)
[cuts{max_board, i}, usage(max_board, :, :)] = cut_rectangle(usage(max_board, :, :), max_rect);
profit = profit + products(i, 4);
end
end
end
end
% 计算每块木板最多可生产的产品数量
function max_num = max_num(wood, product)
max_num = floor(wood(1)/product(1)) * floor(wood(2)/product(2));
end
% 在矩阵中找到可用的矩形
function [rect, area] = find_rectangle(matrix, length, width)
[m, n] = size(matrix);
area = 0;
rect = [];
for i = 1:m-length+1
for j = 1:n-width+1
submat = matrix(i:i+length-1, j:j+width-1);
if all(submat(:) == 0)
if area == 0 || length*width < area
area = length * width;
rect = [i, j, width, length];
end
end
end
end
end
% 切割矩形
function [cuts, matrix] = cut_rectangle(matrix, rect)
[m, n] = size(matrix);
cuts = [];
for i = rect(1):rect(1)+rect(3)-1
for j = rect(2):rect(2)+rect(4)-1
cuts = [cuts; i-rect(1)+1, j-rect(2)+1, 1, 1];
matrix(i, j) = 1;
end
end
end
```
其中,函数`wood_cutting`实现了木板最优切割算法。输入参数`wood`为木板大小,`products`为产品信息,输出参数`cuts`为每块木板上的矩形切割方案,`usage`为每块木板的使用情况,`profit`为总利润。
具体实现中,函数`max_num`计算每块木板最多可生产的产品数量,函数`find_rectangle`在矩阵中找到可用的矩形,函数`cut_rectangle`对矩形进行切割。