python图形验证码识别软件_Python代码实现验证码识别功能

验证码识别

识别验证码，需要先对图像进行预处理，去除会影响识别准确度的线条或噪点，提高识别准确度。

实例1

import cv2 as cv

import pytesseract

from PIL import Image

def recognize_text(image):

# 边缘保留滤波 去噪

dst = cv.pyrMeanShiftFiltering(image, sp=10, sr=150)

# 灰度图像

gray = cv.cvtColor(dst, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# 二值化

ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv.THRESH_OTSU)

# 形态学操作 腐蚀 膨胀

erode = cv.erode(binary, None, iterations=2)

dilate = cv.dilate(erode, None, iterations=1)

cv.imshow('dilate', dilate)

# 逻辑运算 让背景为白色 字体为黑 便于识别

cv.bitwise_not(dilate, dilate)

cv.imshow('binary-image', dilate)

# 识别

test_message = Image.fromarray(dilate)

text = pytesseract.image_to_string(test_message)

print(f'识别结果：{text}')

src = cv.imread(r'./test/044.png')

cv.imshow('input image', src)

recognize_text(src)

cv.waitKey(0)

cv.destroyAllWindows()

运行效果如下：

识别结果：3n3D

Process finished with exit code 0

实例2

import cv2 as cv

import pytesseract

from PIL import Image

def recognize_text(image):

# 边缘保留滤波 去噪

blur =cv.pyrMeanShiftFiltering(image, sp=8, sr=60)

cv.imshow('dst', blur)

# 灰度图像

gray = cv.cvtColor(blur, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# 二值化

ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv.THRESH_OTSU)

print(f'二值化自适应阈值：{ret}')

cv.imshow('binary', binary)

# 形态学操作 获取结构元素 开操作

kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT, (3, 2))

bin1 = cv.morphologyEx(binary, cv.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)

cv.imshow('bin1', bin1)

kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_OPEN, (2, 3))

bin2 = cv.morphologyEx(bin1, cv.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)

cv.imshow('bin2', bin2)

# 逻辑运算 让背景为白色 字体为黑 便于识别

cv.bitwise_not(bin2, bin2)

cv.imshow('binary-image', bin2)

# 识别

test_message = Image.fromarray(bin2)

text = pytesseract.image_to_string(test_message)

print(f'识别结果：{text}')

src = cv.imread(r'./test/045.png')

cv.imshow('input image', src)

recognize_text(src)

cv.waitKey(0)

cv.destroyAllWindows()

运行效果如下：

二值化自适应阈值：181.0

识别结果：8A62N1

Process finished with exit code 0

实例3

import cv2 as cv

import pytesseract

from PIL import Image

def recognize_text(image):

# 边缘保留滤波 去噪

blur = cv.pyrMeanShiftFiltering(image, sp=8, sr=60)

cv.imshow('dst', blur)

# 灰度图像

gray = cv.cvtColor(blur, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# 二值化 设置阈值 自适应阈值的话 黄色的4会提取不出来

ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 185, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV)

print(f'二值化设置的阈值：{ret}')

cv.imshow('binary', binary)

# 逻辑运算 让背景为白色 字体为黑 便于识别

cv.bitwise_not(binary, binary)

cv.imshow('bg_image', binary)

# 识别

test_message = Image.fromarray(binary)

text = pytesseract.image_to_string(test_message)

print(f'识别结果：{text}')

src = cv.imread(r'./test/045.jpg')

cv.imshow('input image', src)

recognize_text(src)

cv.waitKey(0)

cv.destroyAllWindows()

运行效果如下：

二值化设置的阈值：185.0

识别结果：7364

Process finished with exit code 0