scala 模式匹配支持正则吗_scala 之正则匹配

一、String.matches()  ## 用于过滤需要处理的日志(如空格空行错误字符)

语句："!123".matches("[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}") //false

"34Az".matches("[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}") //true

//应用：//1.scala读取log

def readFromTxt(filePath:String): Array[String] ={importscala.io.Source

val source= Source.fromFile(filePath,"UTF-8")

val lines=source.getLines().toArray

source.close()

lines

}//2. 应用于过滤日志需要的信息// regex里三个"""，就不需要转义了！val reg = """([A-Z]+) ([0-9]{4}-[0-9]{1,2}-[0-9]{1,2}) requestURI:(.*)""".r//先过滤空格，再map

lines.filter(_.matches("""([A-Z]+) ([0-9]{4}-[0-9]{1,2}-[0-9]{1,2}) requestURI:(.*)"""))

.map(line=>line match{case reg(level,logdate,addr)=>(level,logdate,addr)

}).foreach(println(_))

----补充LOG日志-----

INFO 2000-10-01 requestURI:/c?app=0&p=1&did=180042334&industry=45Z

INFO 2012-11-11 requestURI:/c?app=2&p=3&did=140042334&industry=42Z

WARN 2012-11-11 requestURI:/c?app=2&p=3&did=140042334&industry=42Z

ERROR 2012-11-11 requestURI:/c?app=2&p=3&did=140042334&industry=42Z

二、case模式匹配(推荐使用，最方便)

例1

// 语句1：

val pattern= "([a-zA-Z][0-9][a-zA-Z] [0-9][a-zA-Z][0-9])".r"L3R 6M2"match {case pattern(x) => println("Valid zip-code: " + x ) //x为第1个分组结果，可以匹配多个分组

case x => println("Invalid zip-code: " +x )

}

// 语句2：

val date= """(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)""".r"2014-05-23"match {case date(year, month, day) =>println(year,month,day)

}"2014-05-23"match {case date(year, _*) => println("The year of the date is " +year)

}"2014-05-23"match {case date(_*) => println("It is a date")

}

例2

val reg = """.* set se[0-9]_([0-9]+)_([0-9]+)_([0-9]+)r (.*),.*""".r

rdd.foreach {case reg(zs, stu, ques, sa) =>println(zs, stu, ques,sa)

}

匹配log如下，取红色字段

2019-06-16 14:24:34 INFO com.noriental.praxissvr.answer.util.PraxisSsdbUtil:45 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] [020765925160] req: set se0_34434412_8195023659593_8080r 1,resp: ok 14

注意点：使用模式匹配虽然方便，但是要注意reg中的括号一定不能镶嵌，比如匹配整数or小数时， ([0-9](\.[0-9])?) 会因为找不到哪个括号而报错！最好使用 (.*)

三、import scala.util.matching.Regex API

1)findFirstMatchIn() 返回第一个匹配(Option[Match])

语句：importscala.util.matching.Regex

val numberPattern: Regex= "[0-9]".r

numberPattern.findFirstMatchIn("awesomepassword") match {case Some(_) => println("Password OK") //匹配成功

case None => println("Password must contain a number") //未匹配

}

2)分组处理

findAllMatchIn().toList => List[Regex.Match]

例1

语句2：importscala.util.matching.Regex

val studentPattern:Regex="([0-9a-zA-Z-#() ]+):([0-9a-zA-Z-#() ]+)".r

val input="name:Jason,age:19,weight:100"

for(patternMatch

println(s"key: ${patternMatch.group(1)} value: ${patternMatch.group(2)}")

}

例2

rdd.map(line=>{

val reg= """.* set se[0-9]_([0-9]+)_([0-9]+)_([0-9]+)r ([0-9](\.[0-9])?),.*""".r

reg.findAllMatchIn(line).map(x=>(x.group(1),x.group(2),x.group(3),x.group(4))

.productIterator.mkString("\t")).mkString("")

}).foreach(println(_))

匹配log如下，取红色字段

2019-06-16 14:24:34 INFO com.noriental.praxissvr.answer.util.PraxisSsdbUtil:45 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] [020765925160] req: set se0_34434412_8195023659593_8080r 1,resp: ok 14

3)字符串处理

1.字符串中替换

replaceFirstIn("长字符串","需要替换成什么字符")

replaceAllIn("长字符串","需要替换成什么字符")

语句1："[0-9]+".r.replaceFirstIn("234 Main Street Suite 2034", "567") //234->567

"[0-9]+".r.replaceAllIn("234 Main Street Suite 2034", "567") //234、2034->567

2.

字符串中查找：findAllIn().toList => list[String]

字符串中查找：_用来扔掉不需要的数据，_*用于句末

语句1：

val nums= "[0-9]+".r.findAllIn("123 Main Street Suite 2012").toList.foreach(println(_))

语句2：

val date= """(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)""".r"2014-05-23"match {case date(year, month, day) =>println(year,month,day)

}"2014-05-23"match {case date(year, _*) => println("The year of the date is " +year)

}"2014-05-23"match {case date(_*) => println("It is a date")

}