windows访问ext4文件系统_Linux文件系统之mount

本文介绍了Linux中文件系统的创建和挂载过程。通过mkfs工具可以在磁盘分区上建立文件系统,之后利用mount操作将其加入Linux系统管理,使用户能够访问和使用。

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文件系统是用来管理和组织磁盘数据的,在Linux中,面对一个原始的磁盘分区,可通过mkfs系列工具来制作文件系统(比如"mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1")。

这一步主要是在对应的磁盘分区上创建文件系统所需的super block和inode表,可近似对等于大家熟悉的windows系统的格式化。

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文件系统生成后,还不能直接使用,需要借助"mount"操作,将这个文件系统加入到Linux的管理,这样用户才能看到并使用。

如下图所示,系统中有三个磁盘分区a, b和c,现在a分区的文件系统已经挂载,可以正常使用。而b分区和c分区的文件系统尚未挂载,此时它们对用户都是不可见的。

f3082be08a0e68b359c8228f73f350df.png

从代码实现的角度,挂载的过程就是将代表这个文件系统的"super_block"结构体,加入由之前已经挂载的所有文件系统组成的双向链表中(即"s_list")。

struct super_block {struct list_head s_list;
可以读写Ext2,以Ext2方式挂载Ext3文件系统(不支持Ext3日志),不支持中文! It provides Windows NT4.0/2000/XP/2003/Vista/2008 with full access to Linux Ext2 volumes (read access andwrite access). This may be useful if you have installed both Windows and Linux as a dual boot environment on your computer. What features are supported? Complete reading and writing access to files and directories of volumes with theExt2 orExt3 file system. Supports features which are specific to the I/O-system of Windows: Byte Range Locks, Directory Notfication (so the Explorer updates the view of a directory on changes within that directory), Oplocks (so SMB clients are able to cache the content of files). Allows Windows to run with paging files on Ext2 volumes. UTF-8 encoded file names are supported. The driver treats files with file names that start with a dot "." character ashidden. Supports GPT disks if the Windows version used also does. Supports use of the Windows mountvol utility to create or delete drive letters for Ext2 volumes (except on Windows NT 4.0). See also section"Can drive letters also be configured from scripts?". What features are *not* supported? Inodes that are larger than 128 bytes are not supported. Access rights are not maintained. All users can access all the directories and files of an Ext2 volume. If a new file or directory is created, it inherits all the permissions, the GID and the UID from the directory where it has been created. There is one exception to this rule: a file (but not a directory) the driver has created always has cleared "x" permissions, it inherits the "r" and the "w" permissions only. See also section"What limitations arise from not maintaining access rights?". The driver does not allow accessing special files at Ext2 volumes, the access will be always denied. (Special files are sockets, soft links, block devices, character devices and pipes.) Alternate 8.3-DOS names are not supported (just because there is no place to store them in an Ext2 file system). This can prevent legacy DOS applications, executed by the NTVDM of Windows, from accessing some files or directories. Currently the driver does not implement defragging support. So defragmentation applications will neither show fragmentation information nor defragment any Ext2 volume. This software does not achieve booting a Windows operating system from an Ext2 volume. LVM volumes are not supported, so it is not possible to access them.
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