python用字典编写购物程序_在Python中使用DictWriter来编写字典键的子集

I wrote a function that serializes a list of dictionaries as a CSV file using the CSV module. I sometimes want to write out to a file only a subset of each dictionary's keys however. I use the following code:

def dictlist2file(dictrows, filename, fieldnames, delimiter='\t',

lineterminator='\n'):

out_f = open(filename, 'w')

# Write out header

header = delimiter.join(fieldnames) + lineterminator

out_f.write(header)

# Write out dictionary

data = csv.DictWriter(out_f, fieldnames,

delimiter=delimiter,

lineterminator=lineterminator)

data.writerows(dictrows)

out_f.close()

If I pass in "fieldnames" a subset of the keys that each dictionary has, I get the error:

"dict contains fields not in fieldnames"

How can I make it so that DictRows will write just a subset of the fields I specify to CSV, ignoring those fields that are in the dictionary but not in fieldnames?

thanks.

解决方案

Simplest and most direct approach is to pass extrasaction='ignore' when you initialize your DictWriter instance, as documented here:

If the dictionary passed to the

writerow() method contains a key not

found in fieldnames, the optional

extrasaction parameter indicates what

action to take. If it is set to

'raise' a ValueError is raised. If it

is set to 'ignore', extra values in

the dictionary are ignored.

It also works on writerows, which, internally, just calls writerow repeatedly.