Stereo vision is the process of recovering depth from camera images by
comparing two or more views of the same scene. The output of this computation is
a 3-D point cloud, where each 3-D point corresponds to a pixel in one of the
images.
Stereo image rectification projects images onto a common image plane in such a
way that the corresponding points have the same row coordinates. This process is
useful for stereo vision, because the 2-D stereo correspondence problem reduces
to a 1-D problem. As an example, stereo image rectification is often used as a
preprocessing step for computing disparity or creating anaglyph images.