type python django models_Python菜鸟之路：Django ModelForm的使用

一、简单使用案例

#views.py

#views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

from app01 import models

from django import forms

from django.forms import fields as Ffields

from django.forms import widgets as Fwidgets

class UserInfoModelForm(forms.ModelForm):

is_rmb = Ffields.CharField(widget=Fwidgets.CheckboxInput())

class Meta:

model = models.UserInfo

fields = '__all__'

# fields = ['username','email']

# exclude = ['username']

labels = {

'username': '用户名',

'email': '邮箱',

}

help_texts = {

'username': '...'

}

widgets = {

'username': Fwidgets.Textarea(attrs={'class': 'c1'})

}

error_messages = {

'__all__':{

},

'email': {

'required': '邮箱不能为空',

'invalid': '邮箱格式错误..',

}

}

field_classes = {

# 'email': Ffields.URLField

}

# localized_fields=('ctime',)

def clean_username(self):

old = self.cleaned_data['username']

return old

def index(request):

if request.method == "GET":

obj = UserInfoModelForm()

return render(request,'index.html',{'obj': obj})

elif request.method == "POST":

obj = UserInfoModelForm(request.POST)

if obj.is_valid():

# obj.save() 等效于下面的3条

instance = obj.save(False)

instance.save() # 这样的话只会保存当前的类到数据库，并不会保存关联的多对多关系到U2G表中

obj.save_m2m() # 保存many to many的关系到数据库

# print(obj.is_valid())

# print(obj.cleaned_data)

# print(obj.errors.as_json())

return render(request,'index.html',{'obj': obj})

#models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserType(models.Model):

caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)

class UserGroup(models.Model):

name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

username = models.CharField(max_length=32)

email = models.EmailField()

user_type = models.ForeignKey(to='UserType',to_field='id')

u2g = models.ManyToManyField(UserGroup)

总结： 从上边可以看到ModelForm用起来也是非常方便的，比如增加修改之类的操作。但是也带来额外不好的地方，model和model之间耦合了。如果不耦合的话，mf.save()方法也无法直接提交保存。 但是耦合的话使用场景通常局限用于小程序，写大程序就最好不用了