python爬取知乎评论_一个简单的python爬虫,爬取知乎

一个简单的python爬虫,爬取知乎主要实现 爬取一个收藏夹 里 所有问题答案下的 图片

文字信息暂未收录，可自行实现，比图片更简单

具体代码里有详细注释，请自行阅读

项目源码：# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from spider import SpiderHTML

from multiprocessing import Pool

import sys,urllib,http,os,random,re,time

__author__ = 'waiting'

'''

使用了第三方的类库 BeautifulSoup4，请自行安装

需要目录下的spider.py文件

运行环境：python3.4,windows7

'''

#收藏夹的地址

url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/collection/30822111' #page参数改为代码添加

#本地存放的路径,不存在会自动创建

store_path = 'E:\\zhihu\收藏夹\\会员才知道的世界'

class zhihuCollectionSpider(SpiderHTML):

def __init__(self,pageStart, pageEnd, url):

self._url = url

self._pageStart = int(pageStart)

self._pageEnd = int(pageEnd)+1

self.downLimit = 0 #低于此赞同的答案不收录

def start(self):

for page in range(self._pageStart,self._pageEnd): #收藏夹的页数

url = self._url + '?page='+str(page)

content = self.getUrl(url)

questionList = content.find_all('div',class_='zm-item')

for question in questionList: #收藏夹的每个问题

Qtitle = question.find('h2',class_='zm-item-title')

if Qtitle is None: #被和谐了

continue

questionStr = Qtitle.a.string

Qurl = 'https://www.zhihu.com'+Qtitle.a['href'] #问题题目

Qtitle = re.sub(r'[\\/:*?"<>]','#',Qtitle.a.string) #windows文件/目录名不支持的特殊符号

try:

print('-----正在获取问题:'+Qtitle+'-----') #获取到问题的链接和标题，进入抓取

except UnicodeEncodeError:

print(r'---问题含有特殊字符无法显示---')

try:

Qcontent = self.getUrl(Qurl)

except:

print('!!!!获取出错!!!!!')

pass

answerList = Qcontent.find_all('div',class_='zm-item-answer zm-item-expanded')

self._processAnswer(answerList,Qtitle) #处理问题的答案

time.sleep(5)

def _processAnswer(self,answerList,Qtitle):

j = 0

for answer in answerList:

j = j + 1

upvoted = int(answer.find('span',class_='count').string.replace('K','000')) #获得此答案赞同数

if upvoted < self.downLimit:

continue

authorInfo = answer.find('div',class_='zm-item-answer-author-info') #获取作者信息

author = {'introduction':'','link':''}

try:

author['name'] = authorInfo.find('a',class_='author-link').string #获得作者的名字

author['introduction'] = str(authorInfo.find('span',class_='bio')['title']) #获得作者的简介

author['link'] = authorInfo.find('a',class_='author-link')['href']

except AttributeError:

author['name'] = '匿名用户'+str(j)

except TypeError: #简介为空的情况

pass #匿名用户没有链接

file_name = os.path.join(store_path,Qtitle,'info',author['name']+'_info.txt')

if os.path.exists(file_name): #已经抓取过

continue

self.saveText(file_name,'{introduction}\r\n{link}'.format(**author)) #保存作者的信息

print('正在获取用户`{name}`的答案'.format(**author))

answerContent = answer.find('div',class_='zm-editable-content clearfix')

if answerContent is None: #被举报的用户没有答案内容

continue

imgs = answerContent.find_all('img')

if len(imgs) == 0: #答案没有上图

pass

else:

self._getImgFromAnswer(imgs,Qtitle,**author)

#收录图片

def _getImgFromAnswer(self,imgs,Qtitle,**author):

i = 0

for img in imgs:

if 'inline-image' in img['class']: #不抓取知乎的小图

continue

i = i + 1

imgUrl = img['src']

extension = os.path.splitext(imgUrl)[1]

path_name = os.path.join(store_path,Qtitle,author['name']+'_'+str(i)+extension)

try:

self.saveImg(imgUrl,path_name) #捕获各种图片异常，流程不中断

except:

pass

#收录文字

def _getTextFromAnswer(self):

pass

#命令行下运行，例：zhihu.py 1 5 获取1到5页的数据

if __name__ == '__main__':

page, limit, paramsNum= 1, 0, len(sys.argv)

if paramsNum>=3:

page, pageEnd = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2]

elif paramsNum == 2:

page = sys.argv[1]

pageEnd = page

else:

page,pageEnd = 1,1

spider = zhihuCollectionSpider(page,pageEnd,url)

spider.start()