oracle anonhugepage,Linux Transparent Huge Pages 对 Oracle 的影响

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-15 09:03:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-15 09:03:48 发布

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1 Transparent Huge Pages 说明

Starting with RedHat6, RedHat7, OL6, OL7 SLES11 and UEK2 kernels, Transparent HugePages are implemented and enabled (default) in an attempt to improve the memory management. Transparent HugePages are similar to the HugePages that have been available in previous Linux releases. The main difference is that the Transparent HugePages are set up dynamically at run time by the khugepaged thread in kernel while the regular HugePages had to be preallocated at the boot up time.

从RedHat 6, OEL 6, SLES 11 and UEK2 kernels 开始，系统缺省会启用 Transparent HugePages,用来提高内存管理的性能透明大页(Transparent HugePages ), THP 与Hugepages 类似，主要的区别是：Transparent HugePages 可以实时配置，不需要重启才能生效配置。

Linux HugePages 配置与 Oracle 性能关系说明

Transparent Huge Pages (THP) are enabled by default in RHEL 6 for all applications. The kernel attempts to allocate hugepages whenever possible and any Linux process will receive 2MB pages if the mmap region is 2MB naturally aligned. The main kernel address space itself is mapped with hugepages, reducing TLB pressure from kernel code. For general information on Hugepages.https://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/312

The kernel will always attempt to satisfy a memory allocation using hugepages. If no hugepages are available (due to non availability of physically continuous memory for example) the kernel will fall back to the regular 4KB pages. THP are also swappable (unlike hugetlbfs). This is achieved by breaking the huge page to smaller 4KB pages, which are then swapped out normally.https://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/312

But to use hugepages effectively, the kernel must find physically continuous areas of memory big enough to satisfy the request, and also properly aligned. For this, a khugepaged kernel thread has been added. This thread will occasionally attempt to substitute smaller pages being used currently with a hugepage allocation, thus maximizing THP usage.

In userland, no modifications to the applications are necessary (hence transparent). But there are ways to optimize its use. For applications that want to use hugepages, use of posix_memalign() can also help ensure that large allocations are aligned to huge page (2MB) boundaries.

Also, THP is only enabled for anonymous memory regions. There are plans to add support for tmpfs and page cache. THP tunables are found in the /sys tree under /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage.

The values for /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled can be one of the following:

always - always use THP

never - disable THP

khugepaged will be automatically started when transparent_hugepage/enabled is set to "always" or "madvise, and it'll be automatically shutdown if it's set to "never". The redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag parameter takes the same values and it controls whether the kernel should make aggressive use of memory compaction to make more hugepages available.https://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/312

2 查看与关闭THP

当以下文件里的值为always表示已经启用THP:

https://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/312https://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/312

[root@www.cndba.cn ~]# cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled

[always] madvise never

[root@www.cndba.cn ~]#

[root@www.cndba.cn ~]# grep AnonHugePages /proc/meminfo

AnonHugePages: 348160 kB

只要这里的值大于0，即表示启用了THP。

在linux 6.2 之后可以通过如下命令来监控THP：

[root@www.cndba.cn ~]# egrep 'trans|thp' /proc/vmstat

nr_anon_transparent_hugepages 170

thp_fault_alloc 18566

thp_fault_fallback 110

thp_collapse_alloc 185

thp_collapse_alloc_failed 32

thp_split 221

[root@www.cndba.cn ~]#

查看哪些进程在使用THP：

[root@www.cndba.cn ~]# grep -e AnonHugePages /proc/*/smaps | awk '{ if($2>4) print $0} ' | awk -F "/" '{print $0; system("ps -fp " $3)} '

/proc/2645/smaps:AnonHugePages: 2048 kB