最近服务器上原有的mysql突然抽风启不来,找了半天也没发现所以然,索性卸载了重新安装,以下是安装过程记录,以备后续需要...
一、准备工作
linux系统版本: CentOS 7.3 64位
安装源文件版本:mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql安装位置:/software/mysql
数据库文件数据位置:/data/mysql
注:未防止混淆,这里都用绝对路径执行命令 除了文件内容中的#,这里所有带#都是linux命令
二、安装步骤
(一)、在根目录下创建文件夹software和数据库数据文件/data/mysql
# mkdir /software/
# mkdir /data/mysql
(二)、上传mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz文件到/software下(我用的是SecureCR,手动上传)
# cd /software/
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
(三)、更改解压缩后的文件夹名称
# mv /software/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /software/mysql
(四)、创建mysql用户组及用户
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
(五)、关联mysql用户到用户组
# chown -R mysql:mysql /software/mysql/
# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
# chown -R mysql /software/mysql/
# chown -R mysql /data/mysql
(六)、更改mysql安装文件夹mysql/的权限
# chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/
(七)、安装libaio依赖包
查询是否暗转libaio依赖包 # yum search libaio
如果没安装,可以用下面命令安装 # yum install libaio
(八)、初始化mysql
# cd /software/mysql/bin
# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize
在执行上面命令时特别要注意一行内容[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o*s#gqh)F4Ck
root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码,各人安装生成的临时密码不一样 如果初始化时报错如下:error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objec
是因为libnuma安装的是32位,我们这里需要64位的
执行下面语句就可以解决 #yum install numactl.x86_64 执行完后重新初始化mysql命令
(九)、启动mysql服务
sh /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
上面启动mysql服务命令是会报错的,因为没有修改mysql的配置文件,报错内容大致如下:./support-files/mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found./support-files/mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directoryStarting MySQL ERROR! Couldn’t find MySQL server(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
(十)、修改mysql.server文件
#vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
修改前
修改后
保存退出
# cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
(十一)、修改my.cnf文件(这个是mysql的核心配置文件)
[client]
no-beep socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock
pipe
socket=0.0
port=3306
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/software/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid
#skip-grant-tables
skip-name-resolve
socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
Server Id. server-id=1 max_connections=2000
query_cache_size=0
table_open_cache=2000
tmp_table_size=246M
thread_cache_size=300 #限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用 thread_stack = 192k
key_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer_size=4M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_thread_concurrency=128
innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=300
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
back_log=80
flush_time=0
join_buffer_size=128M
max_allowed_packet=1024M
max_connect_errors=2000
open_files_limit=4161
query_cache_type=0
sort_buffer_size=32M
table_definition_cache=1400
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log=10000
sync_relay_log_info=10000 #批量插入数据缓存大小,可以有效提高插入效率,默认为8M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120 log-bin-trust-function-creators=1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
include all files from the config directory
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
保存退出
(十二)、启动mysql
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
新版本的安装包会报错,错误内容如下:Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/data/mysql/SZY.err’.
2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable.
Please cd to the mysql installation directory and restart this script from there as follows: ./bin/mysqld_safe&
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html for more information
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).
因为新版本的mysql安全启动安装包只认/usr/local/mysql这个路径。
解决办法:
方法1、建立软连接
例 # cd /usr/local/mysql #ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld
方法2、修改mysqld_safe文件(有强迫症的同学建议这种,我用的这种) vim /software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 将所有的/usr/local/mysql改为/software/mysql 保存退出。(可以将这个文件拷出来再修改然后替换)
(十三)、登陆mysql
# /software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p
输入密码,这里的密码就是第8条root@localhost:后面的内容
(十四)、修改mysql的登陆密码
mysql set password=password(‘root’);
mysql grant all privileges on . to root@’%’ identified by ‘root’;
mysql flush privileges;
(十五)、完成,后续可以用root登陆mysql,密码已设置成root