python中减去重复_在Python中删除重复项的最快方法

I was trying to remove duplicates from a list using the following code:

a = [1,2,3,4,2,6,1,1,5,2]

res = []

[res.append(i) for i in a if i not in res]

But I would like to do this without defining the list I want as an empty list (ie, omit the line res = []) like:

a = [1,2,3,4,2,6,1,1,5,2]

#Either:

res = [i for i in a if i not in res]

#Or:

[i for i in a if i not in 'this list'] # this list is not a string. I meant it as the list being comprehensed

I want to avoid library imports and set()

解决方案

For Python3.6+, you can use dict.fromkeys():

>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 6, 1, 1, 5, 2]

>>> list(dict.fromkeys(a))

[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 5]

From the docs:

Create a new dictionary with keys from iterable and values set to value.

If you are using a lower Python version, you will need to use collections.OrderedDict to maintain order:

>>> from collections import OrderedDict

>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 6, 1, 1, 5, 2]

>>> list(OrderedDict.fromkeys(a))

[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 5]