linux中格式对齐,Linux创建2TB以上分区，以及正确的对齐磁盘

一般来说，Linux创建分区使用fdisk命令，可以自动对齐磁盘。然而，fdisk无法处理大于2TB的磁盘文件。这种情况下，需要使用parted命令去创建分区。

parted创建分区需要手动指定分区开始与结束位置，可能会面临磁盘不对齐的问题(提示：Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.)

所以需要手动去计算分区起点来对齐磁盘。

Parted

[root@ARKITDBDR2 ~]# parted /dev/mapper/ORAu01

GNU Parted 2.1

Using /dev/mapper/ORAu01

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) mklabel GPT

(parted) print

Model: Linux device-mapper (multipath) (dm)

Disk /dev/mapper/ORAu01: 6.05TB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

(parted) mkpart primary 0.00T 100%

(parted) print

Model: Linux device-mapper (multipath) (dm)

Disk /dev/mapper/ORAu01: 6.05TB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 0.00TB 6.05TB 6.05TB primary

(parted)

(parted) quit

计算分区起点

输入0.00T有时候可以免于计算起点

mkpart primary 0.00T 100%

# cat /sys/block/sdb/queue/optimal_io_size

1048576

# cat /sys/block/sdb/queue/minimum_io_size

262144

# cat /sys/block/sdb/alignment_offset

0

# cat /sys/block/sdb/queue/physical_block_size

512

起点=(optimal_io_size + alignment_offset) / physical_block_size = (1048576 + 0) / 512 = 2048s

所以分区命令是

mkpart primary 2048s 100%

检查是否正确对齐

(parted) align-check optimal 1

1 aligned

格式化

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1