A8板卡AM3352移植环境搭建记录

README

1. 该记录为A8板卡移植过程中的简要环境搭建步骤, 同时也是记录老ubuntu的更新源留作以后使用, 文档省略了对交叉编译工具中的 u-boot 和 kernel 源码的修改部分,该部分需要根据实际项目需求,硬件布线,来修改启动和针对模块的驱动部分.

一.文件说明

(1)ubuntu-12.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso                       ubuntu镜像,用来搭建开发环境
(2)ti-sdk-am335x-evm-06.00.00.00-Linux-x86-Install.bin    TI开发环境SDK的安装文件
(3)u-boot-2013.01.01-psp06.00.00.00.tar.gz                u-boot 源码(根据A8板卡修改过)
(4)linux-3.2.0-psp04.06.00.11.tar.gz                      linux kernel 源码(根据A8板卡修改过)
(5)am3352.pdf 和 am3352_english.pdf                       A8板卡上芯片AM3352的datasheet
(6)sitara-linuxsdk-sdg-06.00.00.00.pdf                    TI开发环境SDK搭建的参考文档

二.开发环境搭建

1.虚拟机vmware中安装ubuntu12.04系统
2.ubuntu12.04系统安装后需要预先做的事情
    2.1更换更新源
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -c    查看系统代号,用来替换更新源(更新源黄色背景英文部分为系统代号名称)
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_back      更新源文件备份
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list      打开更新源文件并写入更新源如下
    #更新源使用老系统的源路径
    deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
        保存并退出
    2.2更新
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt update          
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install vim         
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install build-essential  
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install libc6:i386 libstdc++6:i386
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install libncurses5-dev lib32z1 
        也可参考如下
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake bison flex libssl-dev bc u-boot-tools python diffstat texinfo gawk chrpath dos2unix wget unzip socat doxygen libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libz1:i386 g++-multilib
    2.3卸载ubuntu无用的软件
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get remove libreoffice-common
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get remove thunderbird totem rhythmbox empathy brasero simple-scan gnome-mahjongg aisleriot  gnome-mines cheese transmission-common gnome-orca webbrowser-app gnome-sudoku landscape-client-ui-install  
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get remove onboard deja-dup  
    2.4配置终端vim
        ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo vim /etc/vim/vimrc  打开配置文件,文件末尾追加如下
            set number            表示打开文件自动显示行号
            #set nonumber         表示关闭行号
            set tabstop=4         表示一个tab键显示出来多少个空格的长度，默认是8，这里设置为4
            set softtabstop=4     表示在编辑模式下按退格键时候退回缩进的长度，设置为4
            set shiftwidth=4      表示每一级缩进的长度，一般设置成softtabstop长度一样
            set noexpandtab       当设置成expantab时表示缩进用空格来表示，noexpandtab则用制表符表示一个缩进
            set autoindent        表示自动缩进
3.搭建开发环境
    进入到ubuntu12.04开发环境目录
    执行 ./ti-sdk-am335x-evm-06.00.00.00-Linux-x86-Install.bin 
    逐步按照安装的提示进行安装即可

三.板卡上运行u-boot和kernel

SD卡上存放 MLO u-boot.img uImage uEnv.txt 文件 
并且创建 image 文件夹,文件夹中存放 MLO u-boot.img uImage rootfs.tar.gz 文件用来写入板卡的nand。(该文件夹是用来升级板卡的u-boot,kernel,rootfs)

四.烧写SD卡

步骤操作如下:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/workspace/ti-sdk-am335x-evm-06.00.00.00/bin$ sudo ./create-sdcard.sh  
[sudo] password for ubuntu: 

################################################################################

This script will create a bootable SD card from custom or pre-built binaries.

The script must be run with root permissions and from the bin directory of
the SDK

Example:
$ sudo ./create-sdcard.sh

Formatting can be skipped if the SD card is already formatted and
partitioned properly.

################################################################################


Availible Drives to write images to: 

#  major   minor    size   name 
1:   8       16   62367744 sdb

Enter Device Number or n to exit: 

These are the Drives available to write images to:
#  major   minor    size   name 
1:   8       16   62367744 sdb

Enter Device Number or n to exit: 1

sdb was selected

################################################################################

        **********WARNING**********

    Selected Device is greater then 16GB
    Continuing past this point will erase data from device
    Double check that this is the correct SD Card

################################################################################

Would you like to continue [y/n] : y




Unmounting the sdb drives
unmounted /dev/sdb1
unmounted /dev/sdb2
Current size of sdb1 72261 bytes
Current size of sdb2 62284005 bytes

################################################################################

Detected device has 2 partitions already

Re-partitioning will allow the choice of 2 or 3 partitions

################################################################################

Would you like to re-partition the drive anyways [y/n] : y


Now partitioning sdb ...


################################################################################

    Select 2 partitions if only need boot and rootfs (most users)
    Select 3 partitions if need SDK & CCS on SD card.  This is usually used
        by device manufacturers with access to partition tarballs.

    ****WARNING**** continuing will erase all data on sdb

################################################################################

Number of partitions needed [2/3] : 2


Now partitioning sdb with 2 partitions...


################################################################################

        Now making 2 partitions

################################################################################

1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 2.68303 s, 391 kB/s
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
DISK SIZE - 63864569856 bytes
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ...
OK

Disk /dev/sdb: 7764 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track

sfdisk: ERROR: sector 0 does not have an msdos signature
/dev/sdb: unrecognized partition table type
Old situation:
No partitions found
New situation:
Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

Device Boot Start     End   #cyls    #blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1   *      0+      8       9-     72261    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2         10    7763    7754   62284005   83  Linux
/dev/sdb3          0       -       0          0    0  Empty
/dev/sdb4          0       -       0          0    0  Empty
Successfully wrote the new partition table

Re-reading the partition table ...

If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1)
to zero the first 512 bytes:  dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1
(See fdisk(8).)

################################################################################

        Partitioning Boot

################################################################################
mkfs.vfat 3.0.12 (29 Oct 2011)

################################################################################

        Partitioning rootfs

################################################################################
mke2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem label=rootfs
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
3899392 inodes, 15571001 blocks
778550 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
476 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   



################################################################################

Partitioning is now done
Continue to install filesystem or select 'n' to safe exit

**Warning** Continuing will erase files any files in the partitions

################################################################################


Would you like to continue? [y/n] : y



Mount the partitions 

Emptying partitions 


Syncing....

################################################################################

    Choose file path to install from

    1 ) Install pre-built images from SDK
    2 ) Enter in custom boot and rootfs file paths

################################################################################

Choose now [1/2] : 2



################################################################################

For Boot partition

If files are located in Tarball write complete path including the file name.
    e.x. $:  /home/user/MyCustomTars/boot.tar.gz

If files are located in a directory write the directory path
    e.x. $: /ti-sdk/board-support/prebuilt-images/

and the beginning of the files should be labeled with MLO, u-boot, uImage
    i.e.   test_MLO_image must be labeled as MLO_test_image

NOTE: Not all platforms will have an MLO file and this file can
        be ignored for platforms that do not support an MLO
################################################################################

Enter path for Boot Partition : /home/ubuntu/workspace/A8_SYS/my_2021_sys/boot/boot.tar.gz 

File exists



################################################################################

For Rootfs partition

If files are located in Tarball write complete path including the file name.
    e.x. $:  /home/user/MyCustomTars/rootfs.tar.gz

If files are located in a directory write the directory path
    e.x. $: /ti-sdk/targetNFS/

################################################################################

Enter path for Rootfs Partition : /home/ubuntu/workspace/A8_SYS/my_2021_sys/system/rootfs.tar.gz 

File exists


################################################################################

    Copying files now... will take minutes

################################################################################

Copying boot partition
Written 100%  

Copying rootfs System partition
Written 100%  

Syncing...

Un-mount the partitions 

Remove created temp directories 

Operation Finished

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/workspace/ti-sdk-am335x-evm-06.00.00.00/bin$ 

至此sd卡烧写完成,使用的是独自的 boot.tar.gz 和 rootfs.targz 文件
其中 boot.tar.gz 文件中包含 MLO u-boot.img uImage 三个文件, 可增加 uEnv.txt 文件进行系统启动时的配置