python筛选关键词后的字符串_python中将一个字符串过滤并保留关键词

比较好理解的做法如下。

str = 'aaabbb/&edfg cccaaa'

keys = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']

found = {k: [] for k in keys}

total_length = len(str)

# 按key依次遍历字符串，保存出现的位置

for key in keys:

length, i = len(key), 0

while i + length <= total_length:

s = str[i:i + length]

if s == key:

found[key].append(i)

i += length

else:

i += 1

print(found)

# {'aaa': [0, 16], 'bbb': [3], 'ccc': [13]}

result, next_match_index = '', -1

# 重新组合，如果坐标重叠连接符为空，否则为空格

for i in range(total_length):

for k, v in found.items():

if i in v:

split = '' if next_match_index == i else ' '

result = result + split + k

next_match_index = i + len(k)

print(result)

# aaabbb cccaaa

优化循环次数后结果一样，但没那么好懂。

str = 'aaaabbb/&edfg cccaaa'

keys = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']

total_length = len(str)

result, next_match_index, skip = '', -1, 0

for i in range(total_length):

if skip:

skip -= 1

continue

for key in keys: # 查找当前位置是否有match的key

length = len(key)

if i + length <= total_length: # 确保index不越界

s = str[i:i + length]

if s == key: # 如果有match的key，添加到结果

split = '' if next_match_index == i else ' '

result = result + split + key

next_match_index = i + length #预测相邻key的位置

skip = length - 1 #需要跳过当前key再匹配下一个key

break # 已经找到匹配key，可以结束keys的遍历

print(result)