python如何复制一个变量_python netcdf：复制所有变量和属性，但复制一个

I need to process a single variable in a netcdf file that actually contains many attributes and variable.

I think it is not possible to update a netcdf file (see question How to delete a variable in a Scientific.IO.NetCDF.NetCDFFile?)

My approach is the following:

get the variable to process from the original file

process the variable

copy all data from the original netcdf BUT the processed variable to the final file

copy the processed variable to the final file

My problem is to code step 3. I started with the following:

def processing(infile, variable, outfile):

data = fileH.variables[variable][:]

# do processing on data...

# and now save the result

fileH = NetCDFFile(infile, mode="r")

outfile = NetCDFFile(outfile, mode='w')

# build a list of variables without the processed variable

listOfVariables = list( itertools.ifilter( lamdba x:x!=variable , fileH.variables.keys() ) )

for ivar in listOfVariables:

# here I need to write each variable and each attribute

How can I save all data and attribute in a handfull of code without having to rebuild a whole structure of data?

解决方案

Here's what I just used and worked. @arne's answer updated for Python 3 and also to include copying variable attributes:

import netCDF4 as nc

toexclude = ['ExcludeVar1', 'ExcludeVar2']

with netCDF4.Dataset("in.nc") as src, netCDF4.Dataset("out.nc", "w") as dst:

# copy global attributes all at once via dictionary

dst.setncatts(src.__dict__)

# copy dimensions

for name, dimension in src.dimensions.items():

dst.createDimension(

name, (len(dimension) if not dimension.isunlimited() else None))

# copy all file data except for the excluded

for name, variable in src.variables.items():

if name not in toexclude:

x = dst.createVariable(name, variable.datatype, variable.dimensions)

dst[name][:] = src[name][:]

# copy variable attributes all at once via dictionary

dst[name].setncatts(src[name].__dict__)