try:
int("x")exceptException as e:'''异常的父类,可以捕获所有的异常'''
print(e)#e变量是Exception类型的实例,支持__str__()方法,可以直接打印。
invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'x'
try:
int("x")exceptException as e:'''异常的父类,可以捕获所有的异常'''
print(e.args)
#e变量有个属性是.args,它是错误信息的元组。
("invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'x'",)try: datetime(2017,2,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) day is out of range for monthtry: datetime(22017,2,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) year 22017 is out of rangetry: datetime(2017,22,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) month must be in 1..12e = Nonetry: datetime(2017,22,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) month must be in 1..12e
# e这个变量在异常过程结束后即被释放,再调用也无效
Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in NameError: name 'e' is not defined
errarg = None
try:
datetime(2017,22,30)
except ValueError as errarg:
print(errarg)
month must be in 1..12
errarg
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
NameError: name 'errarg' is not defined
try:
datetime(2017,22,30)
except ValueError as errarg:
print(errarg.args)
# ValueError.args 返回元组
('month must be in 1..12',)
message = None
try:
datetime(2017,22,30)
except ValueError as errarg:
print(errarg.args)
message = errarg.args
('month must be in 1..12',)
message
('month must be in 1..12',)
try:
datetime(2017,22,30)
except ValueError as errarg:
print(errarg.args)
message = errarg
('month must be in 1..12',)
message
ValueError('month must be in 1..12',)
str(message)
'month must be in 1..12'
分析异常信息,并根据异常信息的提示做出相应处理:
try:
y= 2017m= 22d= 30datetime(y,m,d)exceptValueError as errarg:print(errarg.args)
message=errarg
m= re.search(u"month", str(message))ifm:
dt= datetime(y,1,d)
('month must be in 1..12',)
dt
datetime.datetime(2017, 1, 30, 0, 0)
甚至可以再except中进行递归调用:
defvalidatedate(y, mo, d):
dt=Nonetry:
dt=datetime(y, mo, d)exceptValueError as e:print(e.args)print(str(y)+str(mo)+str(d))
message=e
ma= re.search(u"^(year)|(month)|(day)", str(message))
ymd=ma.groups()ifymd[0]:
dt=validatedate(datetime.now().year, mo, d)if ymd[1]:
dt=validatedate(y, datetime.now().month, d)if ymd[2]:
dt=validatedate(y, mo, datetime.now().day)finally:returndt
validatedate(20199, 16, 33)
('year 20199 is out of range',)201991633('month must be in 1..12',)20181633('day is out of range for month',)2018433datetime.datetime(2018, 4, 20, 0, 0)