1.创建空字典
1 2 3 | >>> dic = {} >>> type (dic) < type 'dict' > |
2.直接赋值创建
1 2 3 | >>> dic = { 'spam' : 1 , 'egg' : 2 , 'bar' : 3 } >>> dic { 'bar' : 3 , 'egg' : 2 , 'spam' : 1 } |
3.通过关键字dict和关键字参数创建
1 2 3 | >>> dic = dict (spam = 1 , egg = 2 , bar = 3 ) >>> dic { 'bar' : 3 , 'egg' : 2 , 'spam' : 1 } |
4.通过二元组列表创建
1 2 3 4 | >>> list = [( 'spam' , 1 ), ( 'egg' , 2 ), ( 'bar' , 3 )] >>> dic = dict ( list ) >>> dic { 'bar' : 3 , 'egg' : 2 , 'spam' : 1 } |
5.dict和zip结合创建
1 2 3 | >>> dic = dict ( zip ( 'abc' , [ 1 , 2 , 3 ])) >>> dic { 'a' : 1 , 'c' : 3 , 'b' : 2 } |
6.通过字典推导式创建
1 2 3 | >>> dic = {i: 2 * i for i in range ( 3 )} >>> dic { 0 : 0 , 1 : 2 , 2 : 4 } |
7.通过dict.fromkeys()创建
通常用来初始化字典, 设置value的默认值
1 2 3 | >>> dic = dict .fromkeys( range ( 3 ), 'x' ) >>> dic { 0 : 'x' , 1 : 'x' , 2 : 'x' } |
8.其他
1 2 3 4 | >>> list = [ 'x' , 1 , 'y' , 2 , 'z' , 3 ] >>> dic = dict ( zip ( list [:: 2 ], list [ 1 :: 2 ])) >>> dic { 'y' : 2 , 'x' : 1 , 'z' : 3 } |
转载:
Python创建字典的八种方式_python_脚本之家 (jb51.net)