python绘制混淆矩阵_如何理解混淆矩阵并使用Python来绘制混淆矩阵和可视化

import itertools

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from sklearn import svm, datasets

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix

# import some data to play with

iris = datasets.load_iris()

X = iris.data

y = iris.target

class_names = iris.target_names

# Split the data into a training set and a test set

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, random_state=0)

# Run classifier, using a model that is too regularized (C too low) to see

# the impact on the results

classifier = svm.SVC(kernel='linear', C=0.01)

y_pred = classifier.fit(X_train, y_train).predict(X_test)

def plot_confusion_matrix(cm, classes,

normalize=False,

title='Confusion matrix',

cmap=plt.cm.Blues):

"""

This function prints and plots the confusion matrix.

Normalization can be applied by setting `normalize=True`.

"""

if normalize:

cm = cm.astype('float') / cm.sum(axis=1)[:, np.newaxis]

print("Normalized confusion matrix")

else:

print('Confusion matrix, without normalization')

print(cm)

plt.imshow(cm, interpolation='nearest', cmap=cmap)

plt.title(title)

plt.colorbar()

tick_marks = np.arange(len(classes))

plt.xticks(tick_marks, classes, rotation=45)

plt.yticks(tick_marks, classes)

fmt = '.2f' if normalize else 'd'

thresh = cm.max() / 2.

for i, j in itertools.product(range(cm.shape[0]), range(cm.shape[1])):

plt.text(j, i, format(cm[i, j], fmt),

horizontalalignment="center",

color="white" if cm[i, j] > thresh else "black")

color="white" if cm[i, j] > thresh else "black")

plt.tight_layout()

plt.ylabel('True label')

plt.xlabel('Predicted label')

# Compute confusion matrix

cnf_matrix = confusion_matrix(y_test, y_pred)

np.set_printoptions(precision=2)

# Plot non-normalized confusion matrix

plt.figure()

plot_confusion_matrix(cnf_matrix, classes=class_names,

title='Confusion matrix, without normalization')

# Plot normalized confusion matrix

plt.figure()

plot_confusion_matrix(cnf_matrix, classes=class_names, normalize=True,

title='Normalized confusion matrix')

plt.show()