使用onetomany查不到数据_Spring Boot JPA中关联表的使用

本文中，我们会将会通过一个Book和Category的关联关系，来讲解如何在JPA中使用。

添加依赖

我们还是使用H2内存数据库来做测试：

        org.springframework.boot            spring-boot-starter-data-jpa        com.h2database            h2            runtime

构建Entity

下面我们构建两个Entity：

@Data@Entitypublic class Book {    @Id    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)    private Long id;    private String title;    @ManyToOne    private Category category;}

@Data@Entitypublic class Category {    @Id    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)    private Long id;    private String name;    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "category", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)    private List books;}

上面我们定义了两个Entity，Category和Book是一对多的关系。我们通过@ManyToOne和@OneToMany来定义相应的关系。

构建Repository

我们接下来构建相应的Repository：

public interface BookRepository extends CrudRepository {    long deleteByTitle(String title);    @Modifying    @Query("delete from Book b where b.title=:title")    void deleteBooks(@Param("title") String title);}

public interface CategoryRepository extends CrudRepository {}

构建初始数据

为了方便测试，我们先构建需要的数据schema.sql和data.sql:

CREATE TABLE book (    id   BIGINT      NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,    title VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,    category_id BIGINT,    PRIMARY KEY (id));CREATE TABLE category (    id   BIGINT      NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,    name VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY (id));

insert into book(id,title,category_id)values(1,'The Hobbit',1);insert into book(id,title,category_id)values(2,'The Rabbit',1);insert into category(id,name)values(1,'category');

测试

我们看一下怎么从Book中删除一条数据：

    @Test    public void whenDeleteByIdFromRepository_thenDeletingShouldBeSuccessful() {        assertThat(bookRepository.count()).isEqualTo(2);        bookRepository.deleteById(1L);        assertThat(bookRepository.count()).isEqualTo(1);    }

再看一下category的删除：

    @Test    public void whenDeletingCategories_thenBooksShouldAlsoBeDeleted() {        categoryRepository.deleteAll();        assertThat(bookRepository.count()).isEqualTo(0);        assertThat(categoryRepository.count()).isEqualTo(0);    }

再看一下book的删除：

    @Test    public void whenDeletingBooks_thenCategoriesShouldAlsoBeDeleted() {        bookRepository.deleteAll();        assertThat(bookRepository.count()).isEqualTo(0);        assertThat(categoryRepository.count()).isEqualTo(1);    }

因为我们只在Category中指定了cascade = CascadeType.ALL， 所以删除category的时候可以删除相关联的Book，但是删除Book的时候不会删除相关联的category。

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