python写数据库接口_Python实现mysql数据库更新表数据接口的功能

前言

昨天，因为项目需求要添加表的更新接口，来存储预测模型训练的数据，所以自己写了一段代码实现了该功能，在开始之前，给大家分享python 操作mysql数据库基础：

#coding=utf-8

import MySQLdb

conn= MySQLdb.connect(

host='localhost',

port = 3306,

user='root',

passwd='123456',

db ='test',

)

cur = conn.cursor()

#创建数据表

#cur.execute("create table student(id int ,name varchar(20),class varchar(30),age varchar(10))")

#插入一条数据

#cur.execute("insert into student values('2','Tom','3 year 2 class','9')")

#修改查询条件的数据

#cur.execute("update student set class='3 year 1 class' where name = 'Tom'")

#删除查询条件的数据

#cur.execute("delete from student where age='9'")

cur.close()

conn.commit()

conn.close()

>>> conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',port = 3306,user='root', passwd='123456',db ='test',)

Connect() 方法用于创建数据库的连接，里面可以指定参数：用户名，密码，主机等信息。

这只是连接到了数据库，要想操作数据库需要创建游标。

>>> cur = conn.cursor()

通过获取到的数据库连接conn下的cursor()方法来创建游标。

>>> cur.execute("create table student(id int ,name varchar(20),class varchar(30),age varchar(10))")

通过游标cur 操作execute()方法可以写入纯sql语句。通过execute()方法中写如sql语句来对数据进行操作。

>>>cur.close()

cur.close() 关闭游标

>>>conn.commit()

conn.commit()方法在提交事物，在向数据库插入一条数据时必须要有这个方法，否则数据不会被真正的插入。

>>>conn.close()

Conn.close()关闭数据库连接

下面开始本文的正文：

Python实现mysql更新表数据接口

示例代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import pymysql

import settings

class mysql(object):

def __init__(self):

self.db = None

def connect(self):

self.db = pymysql.connect(host=settings.ip, port=settings.port, user=settings.mysql_user, passwd=settings.mysql_passwd, db=settings.database, )

# print("connect is ok")

# return 1

def disconnect(self):

self.db.close()

# return -1

def create_table(self, tablename, columns, spec='time'):

"""

:param tablename:

:param spec:

:param columns: 列表[]

:return:

"""

type_data = ['int', 'double(10,3)']

cursor = self.db.cursor()

sql="create table %s("%(tablename,)

sqls=[]

for col in columns:

#判断是否time_num

if col==spec:

sqls.append('%s %s primary key'%(col,type_data[0]))

else:

sqls.append('%s %s'%(col,type_data[1]))

sqlStr = ','.join(sqls)

sql+=sqlStr+')'

try:

cursor.execute(sql)

print("Table %s is created"%tablename)

except:

self.db.rollback()

def is_table_exist(self, tablename,dbname):

cursor=self.db.cursor()

sql="select table_name from information_schema.TABLES where table_schema='%s' and table_name = '%s'"%(dbname,tablename)

#results="error:Thie table is not exit"

try:

cursor.execute(sql)

results = cursor.fetchall() #接受全部返回行

except:

#不存在这张表返回错误提示

raise Exception('This table does not exist')

if not results:

return None

else :

return results

# print datas

def insert_mysql_with_json(self, tablename, datas):

"""

:param tablename:

:param datas:字典{(key: value),.....}

:return:

"""

# keys = datas[0]

keys = datas[0].keys()

keys = str(tuple(keys))

keys = ''.join(keys.split("'")) # 用' 隔开

print(keys)

ret = []

for dt in datas:

values = dt.values() ## ‘str' object has no attribute#

sql = "insert into %s" % tablename + keys

sql = sql + " values" + str(tuple(values))

ret.append(sql)

# print("1")

# print keys insert into %tablename dat[i] values str[i]

self.insert_into_sql(ret)

print("1")

def insert_into_sql(self,sqls):

cursor = self.db.cursor()

for sql in sqls:

# 执行sql语句

try:

cursor.execute(sql)

self.db.commit()

# print("insert %s" % sql, "success.")

except:

# Rollback in case there is any error

self.db.rollback()

#找列名

def find_columns(self, tablename):

sql = "select COLUMN_NAME from information_schema.columns where table_name='%s'" % tablename

cursor = self.db.cursor()

try:

cursor.execute(sql)

results = cursor.fetchall()

except:

raise Exception('hello')

return tuple(map(lambda x: x[0], results))

def find(self, tablename, start_time, end_time, fieldName=None):

"""

:param tablename: test_scale1015

:param fieldName: None or (columns1010, columns1011, columns1012, columns1013, time)

:return:

"""

cursor = self.db.cursor()

sql = ''

if fieldName==None:

fieldName = self.find_columns(tablename)

sql = "select * from %s where time between %s and %s" % (tablename, str(start_time), str(end_time))

# print('None')

else:

fieldNameStr = ','.join(fieldName)

sql = "select %s from %s where time between %s and %s" % (

fieldNameStr, tablename, str(start_time), str(end_time))

# print('sm')

try:

cursor.execute(sql)

results = cursor.fetchall()

except:

raise Exception('hello')

return fieldName, results,

#样例 data = [{'time':123321,'predict':1.222},{'time':123322,'predict':1.223},{'time':123324,'predict':1.213}]

def updata(self,datas, tablename):

cursor = self.db.cursor()

columns = []

for data in datas:

for i in data.keys():

columns.append(i)

# print(columns)

break

# columns_2=columns[:]

db.connect()

if db.is_table_exist(settings.tablename_2, settings.database):

# exists

# pass

for col in columns:

if col != 'time':

sql = "alter table %s add column %s double(10,3);" % (settings.tablename_2, col)

try:

cursor.execute(sql)

print("%s is altered ok" % (col))

except:

print("alter is failed")

ret = []

for i in datas:

col = []

for ii in i.keys():

col.append(ii)

#time = col[0] and predict = col[1]

time_data = i[col[0]]

predic_data = i[col[1]]

sql = "update %s set %s='%s'where %s=%s"%(settings.tablename_2,col[1],predic_data,col[0],time_data)

ret.append(sql)

self.insert_into_sql(ret)

# db.insert_mysql_with_json(tablename, datas)

else:

# no exists

db.create_table(settings.tablename_2, columns)

db.insert_mysql_with_json(settings.tablename_2, datas)

db = mysql()

其中update()函数，是新添加的接口：

传入的data的样例 data = [{'time':123321,'predict':1.222},{'time':123322,'predict':1.223},{'time':123324,'predict':1.213}]这样子的。

一个列表里有多个字典，每个字典有time和predict。如果需要存predict_2,predict_3的时候，则实现更新操作，否则，只进行创表和插入数据的操作~~~~~~

看起来是不是很简单~~~~~~

这个接口还没有进行优化等操作，很冗余~~~~

毕竟项目还在测试阶段，等先跑通了，在考虑优化吧~~~~~~

总结

以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对脚本之家的支持。