mysql 非root 二进制码_mysql二进制非root用户安装后启动mysqld的路径不对的问题

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最新推荐文章于 2022-03-17 19:29:36 发布

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二进制非root用户安装后启动mysqld的路径不对的问题一、非root用户安装二进制mysql分发版创建用户useradd fc www.2cto.com passwd fcenter password:...以fc登录，上传二进制mysql版本，我的是mysql 32位的mysql-5.1.57-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz解压后，创

二进制非root用户安装后启动mysqld的路径不对的问题

一、非root用户安装二进制mysql分发版

创建用户

>useradd fc

www.2cto.com

>passwd fc

enter password:

...

以fc登录，上传二进制mysql版本，我的是mysql 32位的mysql-5.1.57-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz

解压后，创建权限表

]$ scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/home/fc/app/mysql --datadir=/home/fc/app/mysql/data/3307 --user=fc

(注意：后面的参数一定要指定，另外最好是 scripts/mysql_install_db 这样一起运行，官方文档也是这样，免得出错，后面就有这个原因导致启动出错的)

权限表也初始化完了，然后就是指定配置文件my.cnf 我放在$HOME目录下：

[python]

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.

# www.2cto.com

# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays

# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with

# other programs (such as a web server)

# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of

# locations which depend on the deployment platform.

# You can copy this option file to one of those

# locations. For information about these locations, see:

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html

# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.

# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program

# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

#password = your_password

port = 3307

socket = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

www.2cto.com

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

character-set-server = utf8

port = 3307

socket = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

basedir = /home/fc/app/mysql

datadir = /home/fc/app/mysql/data/3307/

log-error = /home/fc/log/3307/mysqld.err

pid-file = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.pid

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

max_connections=200

slow_query_log = 1 #{0|1 off|on}

slow_query_log_file = /home/fc/log/3307/mysql-slow.log

long_query_time=1

#不经常更新的表查询，缓存查询

query_cache_type = 1

query_cache_size = 10M

general_log = 0

general_log_file = /home/fc/log/3307/mysql.log

www.2cto.com

query_cache_size = 8M

#skip-networking

skip-name-resolve

skip-innodb-checksums

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

log-bin=/home/fc/log/3307/mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended

binlog_format=mixed

binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_cache_size = 4096M

expire-logs-days = 8

sync_binlog=20

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables

innodb_data_home_dir = /home/fc/data/3307/

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /home/fc/data/3307/

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 800M

sort_buffer_size = 5M

tmp_table_size = 64M

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 32M

innodb_autoextend_increment = 64 # 默认单位为 MB

www.2cto.com

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_log_file_size = 200M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

default-storage-engine=innodb

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size

#innodb_log_file_size = 5M

#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/home/fc/app/mysql/log/3307/mysqld.log

pid-file=/home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.pid

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

port = 3307

socket = /home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL

#safe-updates

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 20M

sort_buffer_size = 20M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

www.2cto.com

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

好了，一切都准备好了，可以启动了

二、启动mysqld进程

进入basedir目录fc/app/mysql

mysql]$ cd bin

bin]$ mysqld_safe --defaults-file=~/my.cnf &

启动成功了，查看进程

ps -ef | grep mysqld 发现问题了

[plain]

fc 7780 7582 24 16:42 pts/10 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=~/my.cnf --basedir=/home/fc/app/mysql --datadir=/home/fc/app/mysql/data/3307/ --log-error=/home/fc/app/mysql/log/3307/mysqld.log --pid-file=/home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.pid --socket=/home/fc/app/mysql/tmp/3307/mysql.sock --port=3307

发现没有，虽然进入的fc/app/mysql/bin目录下启动的mysqld程序，但是查找进程时候却是运行的/usr/lcoal/mysql下的mysqld，这是为什么呢？

查找了很久的参数，都发现没有配置错误，始终不得其解，如是换了种启动方式：

进入base目录fc/app/mysql

mysql]$ bin/msyqld_safe --defaults-file=~/my.cnf &

这样启动后再查找mysqld进程，一切就正常了，这是为什么呢？

我自己想的原因可能是：

mysqld_safe本身就是mysqld的守护进程，它本身也是一个shell脚本，在脚本中，默认的basedir就是：usr/local/mysql，我们在启动mysqld的时候如果进入了bin目录，则在这个守护进程中是找不到该目录的，如是就去自动匹配/usr/local/mysql/这个目录，刚好我也在这个目录之前装过mysql，于是系统就自动匹配了这个mysqld程序，运行起来了。

我们查看下mysqld_safe的一段shell代码：

[python]

MY_PWD=`pwd`

# Check for the directories we would expect from a binary release install

if test -n "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION" -a -d "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION"

then

# BASEDIR is already overridden on command line. Do not re-set.

# Use BASEDIR to discover le.

if test -x "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/libexec/mysqld"

then

ledir="$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/libexec"

elif test -x "$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/sbin/mysqld"