python将列表中的元素添加到字典中_python – 在词典列表中添加元素

以下是一些微观基准,表明f2(见下文)可能是一种改进. f2使用iteritems,它允许你在内循环中避免额外的dict查找：

import collections

import string

import random

def random_dict():

n=random.randint(1,26)

keys=list(string.letters)

random.shuffle(keys)

keys=keys[:n]

values=[random.randint(1,100) for _ in range(n)]

return dict(zip(keys,values))

list_dictionaries=[random_dict() for x in xrange(100)]

def f1(list_dictionaries):

comb_dict = {}

for dictionary in list_dictionaries:

for key in dictionary:

comb_dict.setdefault(key, 0)

comb_dict[key] += dictionary[key]

return comb_dict

def f2(list_dictionaries):

comb_dict = collections.defaultdict(int)

for dictionary in list_dictionaries:

for key,value in dictionary.iteritems():

comb_dict[key] += value

return comb_dict

def union( dict_list ):

all_keys = set()

for d in dict_list:

for k in d:

all_keys.add( k )

for key in all_keys:

yield key, sum( d.get(key,0) for d in dict_list)

def f3(list_dictionaries):

return dict(union( list_dictionaries ))

结果如下：

% python -mtimeit -s"import test" "test.f1(test.list_dictionaries)"

1000 loops, best of 3: 776 usec per loop

% python -mtimeit -s"import test" "test.f2(test.list_dictionaries)"

1000 loops, best of 3: 432 usec per loop

% python -mtimeit -s"import test" "test.f3(test.list_dictionaries)"

100 loops, best of 3: 2.19 msec per loop