python画椭圆的逻辑_在Python中绘制椭圆轨道(使用numpy,matplotlib)

作为x的函数,y可以解决该问题

问题是每个有效x有2个y值,而椭圆跨度x范围外没有(或想象)y解

下面是3.5代码,sympy 1.0应该可以打印,list comps可能不会向后兼容到2.x.

from numpy import linalg

from numpy import linspace

import numpy as np

from numpy import meshgrid

import random

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from scipy import optimize

from sympy import *

xs = [1.02, 0.95, 0.87, 0.77, 0.67, 0.56, 0.44, 0.30, 0.16, 0.01]

ys = [0.39, 0.32, 0.27, 0.22, 0.18, 0.15, 0.13, 0.12, 0.12, 0.15]

b = [i ** 2 for i in xs] # That is the list that contains the results that are given as x^2 from the equation.

def fxn(x, y): # That is the function that solves the given equation to find each parameter.

my_list = [] #It is the main list.

for z in range(len(x)):

w = [0] * 5

w[0] = y[z] ** 2

w[1] = x[z] * y[z]

w[2] = x[z]

w[3] = y[z]

w[4] = 1

my_list.append(w)

return my_list

t = linalg.lstsq(fxn(xs, ys), b)

def ysolv(coeffs):

x,y,a,b,c,d,e = symbols('x y a b c d e')

ellipse = a*y**2 + b*x*y + c*x + d*y + e - x**2

y_sols = solve(ellipse, y)

print(*y_sols, sep='

')

num_coefs = [(a, f) for a, f in (zip([a,b,c,d,e], coeffs))]

y_solsf0 = y_sols[0].subs(num_coefs)

y_solsf1 = y_sols[1].subs(num_coefs)

f0 = lambdify([x], y_solsf0)

f1 = lambdify([x], y_solsf1)

return f0, f1

f0, f1 = ysolv(t[0])

y0 = [f0(x) for x in xs]

y1 = [f1(x) for x in xs]

plt.scatter(xs, ys)

plt.scatter(xs, y0, s=100, color = 'red', marker='+')

plt.scatter(xs, y1, s=100, color = 'green', marker='+')

plt.show()

当上述内容在Spyder中运行时：

runfile('C:/Users/john/mypy/mySE_answers/ellipse.py', wdir='C:/Users/john/mypy/mySE_answers')

(-b*x - d + sqrt(-4*a*c*x - 4*a*e + 4*a*x**2 + b**2*x**2 + 2*b*d*x + d**2))/(2*a)

-(b*x + d + sqrt(-4*a*c*x - 4*a*e + 4*a*x**2 + b**2*x**2 + 2*b*d*x + d**2))/(2*a)

????

生成的y值函数无处不在：

f0(0.1), f1(0.1)

Out[5]: (0.12952825130864626, 0.6411040771593166)

f0(2)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

f0(2)

File "", line 1, in

ValueError: math domain error

In [7]:

域错误需要try / execpt来“感觉”有效的x范围或更多的数学

喜欢尝试/除了下面:(编辑为“关闭”绘图重新评论)

def feeloutXrange(f, midx, endx):

fxs = []

x = midx

while True:

try: f(x)

except:

break

fxs.append(x)

x += (endx - midx)/100

return fxs

midx = (min(xs) + max(xs))/2

xpos = feeloutXrange(f0, midx, max(xs))

xnegs = feeloutXrange(f0, midx, min(xs))

xs_ellipse = xnegs[::-1] + xpos[1:]

y0s = [f0(x) for x in xs_ellipse]

y1s = [f1(x) for x in xs_ellipse]

ys_ellipse = y0s + y1s[::-1] + [y0s[0]] # add y start point to end to close drawing

xs_ellipse = xs_ellipse + xs_ellipse[::-1] + [xs_ellipse[0]] # added x start point

plt.scatter(xs, ys)

plt.scatter(xs, y0, s=100, color = 'red', marker='+')

plt.scatter(xs, y1, s=100, color = 'green', marker='+')

plt.plot(xs_ellipse, ys_ellipse)

plt.show()

编辑：将重复的起点添加到椭圆点列表的末尾以关闭绘图

ys_ellipse = y0s + y1s[::-1] + [y0s[0]] # add y start point to end to close drawing

xs_ellipse = xs_ellipse + xs_ellipse[::-1] + [xs_ellipse[0]] # added x start point