python解析二维码_Python二维码生成识别实例详解

前言

在 JavaWeb 开发中，一般使用 Zxing 来生成和识别二维码，但是，Zxing 的识别有点差强人意，不少相对模糊的二维码识别率很低。不过就最新版本的测试来说，识别率有了现显著提高。

对比

在没接触 Python 之前，曾使用 Zbar 的客户端进行识别，测了大概几百张相对模糊的图片，Zbar的识别速度要快很多，识别率也比 Zxing 稍微准确那边一丢丢，但是，稍微模糊一点就无法识别。相比之下，微信和支付宝的识别效果就逆天了。

代码案例

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import os

import qrcode

import time

from PIL import Image

from pyzbar import pyzbar

"""

# 升级 pip 并安装第三方库

pip install -U pip

pip install Pillow

pip install pyzbar

pip install qrcode

"""

def make_qr_code_easy(content, save_path=None):

"""

Generate QR Code by default

:param content: The content encoded in QR Codeparams

:param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.

If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.

"""

img = qrcode.make(data=content)

if save_path:

img.save(save_path)

else:

img.show()

def make_qr_code(content, save_path=None):

"""

Generate QR Code by given params

:param content: The content encoded in QR Code

:param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.

If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.

"""

qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=2,

error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M,

box_size=8,

border=1,

)

qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)

qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)

img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white")

if save_path:

img.save(save_path)

else:

img.show()

def make_qr_code_with_icon(content, icon_path, save_path=None):

"""

Generate QR Code with an icon in the center

:param content: The content encoded in QR Code

:param icon_path: The path of icon image

:param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.

If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.

:exception FileExistsError: If the given icon_path is not exist.

This error will be raised.

:return:

"""

if not os.path.exists(icon_path):

raise FileExistsError(icon_path)

# First, generate an usual QR Code image

qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=4,

error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,

box_size=8,

border=1,

)

qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)

qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)

qr_code_img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white").convert('RGBA')

# Second, load icon image and resize it

icon_img = Image.open(icon_path)

code_width, code_height = qr_code_img.size

icon_img = icon_img.resize((code_width // 4, code_height // 4), Image.ANTIALIAS)

# Last, add the icon to original QR Code

qr_code_img.paste(icon_img, (code_width * 3 // 8, code_width * 3 // 8))

if save_path:

qr_code_img.save(save_path)

else:

qr_code_img.show()

def decode_qr_code(code_img_path):

"""

Decode the given QR Code image, and return the content

:param code_img_path: The path of QR Code image.

:exception FileExistsError: If the given code_img_path is not exist.

This error will be raised.

:return: The list of decoded objects

"""

if not os.path.exists(code_img_path):

raise FileExistsError(code_img_path)

# Here, set only recognize QR Code and ignore other type of code

return pyzbar.decode(Image.open(code_img_path), symbols=[pyzbar.ZBarSymbol.QRCODE], scan_locations=True)

if __name__ == "__main__":

# # 简易版

# make_qr_code_easy("make_qr_code_easy", "make_qr_code_easy.png")

# results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_easy.png")

# if len(results):

# print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))

# else:

# print("Can not recognize.")

#

# # 参数版

# make_qr_code("make_qr_code", "make_qr_code.png")

# results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code.png")

# if len(results):

# print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))

# else:

# print("Can not recognize.")

#

# 带中间 logo 的

# make_qr_code_with_icon("https://blog.52itstyle.vip", "icon.jpg", "make_qr_code_with_icon.png")

# results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_with_icon.png")

# if len(results):

# print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))

# else:

# print("Can not recognize.")

# 识别答题卡二维码 16 识别失败

t1 = time.time()

count = 0

for i in range(1, 33):

results = decode_qr_code(os.getcwd()+"\\img\\"+str(i)+".png")

if len(results):

print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))

else:

print("Can not recognize.")

count += 1

t2 = time.time()

print("识别失败数量:" + str(count))

print("测试时间:" + str(int(round(t2 * 1000))-int(round(t1 * 1000))))

测试了32张精挑细选的模糊二维码：

识别失败数量:1

测试时间:130

使用最新版的 Zxing 识别失败了三张。

源码

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