linux环境编程apue和unp,《APUE》和《UNP》文件的编译和使用（转载）

source code中的README只提供了编译方法，要是自己敲代码的话，需要稍微修改一下。

1.编译《APUE》

在哪里编译都是一样，我们需要的是libapue.a 和apue.h文件。

我使用的目录是/home/dan/download/apue.2e/

修改Make.defines.linux文件中，

WKDIR=/home/dan/download/apue.2e

在我的机器上编译时，提示ARG_MAX未定义，可以这么修改。

在apue.2e/include/apue.h中添加一行：

#define ARG_MAX 4096

打开apue.2e/threadtl/getenv1.c 和apue.2e/threadctl/getenv3.c，添加一行：

#include "apue.h"

这样就可以编译通过了，复制apue.2e/include/apue.h到/usr/include下，

apue.2e/lib/libapue.a 到/usr/lib/和 /usr/lib64下。

2. 使用apue.h文件和libapue.a库。

假定/tmp下有一个文件：threadid.c，内容如下(apue线程章节的例子):

#include #include pthread_t ntid;

void

printids(const char *s)

{

pid_t           pid;

pthread_t       tid;

pid = getpid();

tid = pthread_self();

printf("%s pid %u tid %u (0x%x)\n", s, (unsigned int)pid,

(unsigned int)tid, (unsigned int)tid);

}

void *

thr_fn(void *arg)

{

printids("new thread: ");

return((void *)0);

}

int

main(void)

{

int             err;

err = pthread_create(&ntid, NULL, thr_fn, NULL);

if (err != 0)

err_quit("can't create thread: %s\n", strerror(err));

printids("main thread:");

sleep(1);

exit(0);

}

使用如下命令编译：

cc -o threadid threadid.c -lapue -lpthread

可以运行一下：

dan@dan-laptop:/tmp$ ./threadid

new thread:  pid 17490 tid 816015696 (0x30a36950)

main thread: pid 17490 tid 823949040 (0x311c76f0)

3. 编译《UNP》

这个稍微麻烦些。

我们首先产生一个目录，以后自己的代码就敲在这个目录里。

mkdir /home/dan/study/unp

仍然是下载到/home/dan/download/，解压缩，进入目录

cd /home/dan/download/unpv13e/

README文件中说的很详细：

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

Execute the following from the src/ directory:

./configure    # try to figure out all implementation differences

cd lib         # build the basic library that all programs need

make           # use "gmake" everywhere on BSD/OS systems

cd ../libfree  # continue building the basic library

make

cd ../libroute # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets

make           # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets

cd ../libxti   # only if your system supports XTI

make           # only if your system supports XTI

cd ../intro    # build and test a basic client program

make daytimetcpcli

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

这里只编译lib下的文件，这样可以产生libunp.a，复制这个静态库到/usr/lib/和/usr/lib64/

如果提示：

unp.h:139: error: conflicting types for ‘socklen_t’

/usr/include/bits/socket.h:35: error: previous declaration of ‘socklen_t’ was here

需要注释掉当前目录中unp.h的第１３９行。

复制libunp.a到系统目录：

root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/download/unpv13e/lib# cp ../libunp.a /usr/lib

root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/download/unpv13e/lib# cp ../libunp.a /usr/lib64/

4.使用unp.h和libunp.a

如果直接复制unpv13e/lib/unp.h到/usr/include，那么在别的目录编译书上代码时，很可会得到类似下面的错误：

In file included from daytimetcpsrv1.c:1:

/usr/include/unp.h:227: error: redefinition of ‘struct sockaddr_storage’

In file included from daytimetcpsrv1.c:1:

/usr/include/unp.h:249:30: error: ../lib/addrinfo.h: No such file or directory

/usr/include/unp.h:263: error: redefinition of ‘struct timespec’

/usr/include/unp.h:363: error: conflicting types for ‘gai_strerror’

/usr/include/netdb.h:647: error: previous declaration of ‘gai_strerror’ was here

/usr/include/unp.h:367: error: conflicting types for ‘getnameinfo’

/usr/include/netdb.h:653: error: previous declaration of ‘getnameinfo’ was here

/usr/include/unp.h:371: error: conflicting types for ‘gethostname’

/usr/include/unistd.h:857: error: previous declaration of ‘gethostname’ was here

/usr/include/unp.h:387: error: conflicting types for ‘inet_ntop’

/usr/include/arpa/inet.h:65: error: previous declaration of ‘inet_ntop’ was here

/usr/include/unp.h:395: error: conflicting types for ‘pselect’

/usr/include/sys/select.h:121: error: previous declaration of ‘pselect’ was here

daytimetcpsrv1.c: In function ‘main’:

daytimetcpsrv1.c:9: error: ‘MAX_LINE’ undeclared (first use in this function)

daytimetcpsrv1.c:9: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once

daytimetcpsrv1.c:9: error: for each function it appears in.)

dan@dan-laptop:~/study/unp/4$ rm -f /usr/include/unp.h

解决方法有点傻：

进入我们开始时建立的目录：

cd /home/dan/study/unp

复制config.h和unp.h到此目录：

dan@dan-laptop:~/study/unp$ cp /home/dan/download/unpv13e/config.h .

dan@dan-laptop:~/study/unp$ cp /home/dan/download/unpv13e/lib/unp.h .

修改unp.h，

#include "../config.h"改成 #include "config.h"

添加一行：

#define MAX_LINE 2048

练习书上代码时，在unp目录下建立相应的章节目录，文件中添加一行：

#include "../unp.h"

编译时链接unp库就可以了。

以第四章的daytimetcpsrv1.c为例：

dan@dan-laptop:~/study/unp/4$ pwd

/home/dan/study/unp/4

dan@dan-laptop:~/study/unp/4$ cat daytimetcpsrv1.c

#include "../unp.h"

#include int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

int    listenfd, connfd;

socklen_t    len;

struct sockaddr_in    servaddr, cliaddr;

char    buff[MAX_LINE];

time_t    ticks;

listenfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

servaddr.sin_port = htons(13);

Bind(listenfd, (SA *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

Listen(listenfd, LISTENQ);

for (;;) {

len = sizeof(cliaddr);

connfd = Accept(listenfd, (SA *)&cliaddr, &len);

printf("connection from %s, port %d\n",

Inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, buff, sizeof(buff)),

ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));

ticks = time(NULL);

snprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "%.24s\r\n", ctime(&ticks));

Write(connfd, buff, strlen(buff));

Close(connfd);

}

}

编译：

cc -o daytimetcpsrv1 daytimetcpsrv1.c -lunp

运行一下：

root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/study/unp/4# ./daytimetcpsrv1 &

[1] 22106

root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/study/unp/4#

root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/study/unp/4# ./daytimetcpcli

usage: a.out root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/study/unp/4# ./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1

connection from 127.0.0.1, port 42064Fri Aug 21 23:03:56 2009

root@dan-laptop:/home/dan/study/unp/4# netstat -nt

Active Internet connections (w/o servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:13            127.0.0.1:42064         TIME_WAIT

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