lnmp的mysql分离_LNMP分离式部署实例

weixin_39752087

于 2021-02-07 01:39:03 发布

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文章标签： lnmp的mysql分离

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39752087/article/details/113902008

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本文介绍了如何在三台虚拟机上分别部署LNMP（Nginx、PHP和MySQL），详细步骤包括环境准备、用户与权限设置、软件安装与配置、服务启动与检查。通过这种方式，可以实现生产环境中常见的服务分离，提高系统的稳定性和可维护性。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

很多人在练习部署LNMP环境的时候，大都数是部署在同一个虚拟机上面的。但是实际工作中，我们一般都是分离部署的。

今天我就用3台虚拟机，部署下LNMP环境。以供参考！

网络拓扑图：

首先准备3台虚拟机：

nginx:192.168.1.214

php:192.168.1.202

mysql:192.168.1.217

首先安装ngix(192.168.1.214):#解决依赖

yum install -y gcc,openssl-devel,pcre-devel,zilb-devel pcre-devel

#关闭防火墙和修改selinux

service iptables stop

chkconfig iptables off

sed -i's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config

#添加一个nginx用户

[root@nginx ~]# groupadd -g 108 -r nginx

[root@nginx ~]# useradd -u 108 -r -g 108 nginx

[root@nginx ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz

[root@nginx ~]# cd nginx-1.6.0

[root@nginx ~]# ./configure

--prefix=/usr/local/

--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx/

--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf/

--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log/

--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log/

--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid/

--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock/

--user=nginx/

--group=nginx/

--with-http_ssl_module/

--with-http_flv_module/

--with-http_stub_status_module/

--with-http_gzip_static_module/

--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/

--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/

--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/

--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi/

--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi/

--with-pcre

make && make install

nginx启动脚本：[root@nginx ~]# cat /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/sh

# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {

# make required directories

user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=$[^ ]*$.*/\1/g' -`

options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`

for opt in $options; do

if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then

value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`

if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then

# echo "creating" $value

mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value

done

}

start() {

[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

make_dirs

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

return $retval

}

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $prog -QUIT

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

return $retval

}

restart() {

configtest || return $?

stop

sleep 1

start

}

reload() {

configtest || return $?

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

killproc $nginx -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

force_reload() {

restart

}

configtest() {

$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

start)

rh_status_q && exit 0

;;

stop)

rh_status_q || exit 0

;;

restart|configtest)

;;

reload)

rh_status_q || exit 7

;;

force-reload)

force_reload

;;

status)

rh_status

;;

condrestart|try-restart)

rh_status_q || exit 0

;;

echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

exit 2

esac

添加执行权限：

[root@nginx ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

#添加脚本到开机启动项

[root@nginx ~]# chkconfig --add nginx

[root@nginx ~]# chkconfig nginx on

[root@nginx ~]# chkconfig nginx --list

nginx 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭

#启动nginx

[root@nginx ~]# service nginx start

正在启动 nginx： [确定]

#查看端口是否正常

[root@nginx ~]# netstat -ntlp | grep :80

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3889/nginx

# Nginx安装与配置完毕

#安装MySQL(192.168.1.217)

#注意：这里是直接解压MySQL的

#添加MySQL用户

[root@localhost ~]#groupadd -r mysql

[root@localhost ~]#useradd -r -g mysql -s

[root@localhost ~]#/sbin/nologin mysql

#解压到指定路径

[root@localhost ~]#tar xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@localhost ~]#cd /usr/local/

[root@localhost ~]#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql

`/usr/local/mysql' -> `/usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/'

[root@localhost ~]#cd mysql

[root@localhost ~]#chown -R root.mysql *

#初始化数据库；并指定其用户和data目录

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql--datadir=/Mysql/data

ls /Mysql/data/

lost+found mysql

mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index

performance_schema test

#没有报错并生成以上文件即可

cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 配置一个配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf 更改已下配置选项；具体选项根据自己需要配置

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

# Try number of CPU's*2 for

thread_concurrency

thread_concurrency = 4

datadir = /Mysql/data 新增一行

#提供一个服务脚本

cp support-files/mysql.server

/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

chkconfig --list mysqld

mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

service mysqld start

Starting

MySQL...

[ OK ]

#用mysql命令启动成功后错误信息

vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql

`/usr/include/mysql' ->`/usr/local/mysql/include/'

vi /etc/man.config定位到MANPATH

MANPATH /usr/man

MANPATH /usr/share/man

MANPATH /usr/local/man

MANPATH /usr/local/share/man

MANPATH /usr/X11R6/man

MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man #添加一行

echo /usr/local/mysql/lib/ >

/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

#若是想要编译安装MySQL可以参考我之前的文章：

安装PHPyum install zlib libxml libjpegfreetype gd curl libiconv zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devellibpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel libmcrypt-devel libxslt* bzip2* -y

#添加nginx用户

useradd nginx

#安装libiconv-1.14库

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.14

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv

echo $?

make

echo $?

make install

echo $?#安装libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz库

tar zxvflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8

./configure

make

make install#安装mhash-0.9.9.9

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9

./configure

make

make install

#安装mcrypt

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8

/sbin/ldconfig

./configureLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib

make

make install

tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz

cd php-5.3.27

./configure--prefix=/application/php5.3.27

--with-mysqli=mysqlnd /

--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd/

--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv /

--with-freetype-dir /

--with-jpeg-dir/

--with-png-dir /

--with-zlib /

--with-libxml-dir=/usr/

--enable-xml /

--disable-rpath/

--enable-safe-mode/

--enable-bcmath/

--enable-shmop /

--enable-sysvsem/

--enable-inline-optimization /

--with-curl /

--with-curlwrappers /

--enable-mbregex/

--enable-fpm /

--enable-mbstring /

--with-mcrypt /

--with-gd /

--enable-gd-native-ttf/

--with-openssl /

--with-mhash /

--enable-pcntl /

--enable-sockets/

--with-xmlrpc/

--enable-zip /

--enable-soap/

--enable-short-tags /

--enable-zend-multibyte /

--enable-static /

--with-xsl/

--enable-ftp

make && make install#若make出错

/home/tools/php-5.3.27/sapi/cli/php:error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open sharedobject file: No such file or directory

make: *** [ext/phar/phar.php] 错误 127

#解决方法

ln -s/application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/

make

make install

ln -s /application/php5.3.27//application/php

#配置PHP

cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini

cd /application/php/etc/

vim php-fpm.conf

#修改如下：

user = nginx