c语言结构体指针菜鸟教,菜鸟请教C语言结构体指针实例化的问题？

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在函数中对结构体赋值时赋不上，用printf查看结果始终为0，有人说是因为结构体指针使用前没有进行实例化导致。一知半解没明白什么叫实例化，好像是要用malloc分配内存。请问各位高人：

(1)实例化是什么操作？

什么东西使用前必须实例化？是结构体使用前必须实例化？还是指针使用前必须实例化？还是什么别的……？

(2)我试过单独对结构体指针进行赋值，代码如下，为什么不需要所谓的实例化操作？所有赋值都正常(用printf语句查看)，代码如下：

#include

struct STU{

double X;

double Y;

double Z;

};

struct STU *pStu;

void function1(struct STU *fp)

{

fp->X = 8987.9987;

fp->Y = 1235.5555;

fp->Z = 6542.0225;

printf("\n In function1 fp->X = %lf", fp->X);

printf("\n In function1 fp->Y = %lf", fp->Y);

printf("\n In function1 fp->Z = %lf", fp->Z);

printf("\n");

}

void function2()

{

function1(pStu);

printf("\n In function2 pStu->X = %lf", pStu->X);

printf("\n In function2 pStu->Y = %lf", pStu->Y);

printf("\n In function2 pStu->Z = %lf", pStu->Z);

printf("\n");

}

int main(void) {

function2();

printf("\n In main pStu->X = %lf", pStu->X);

printf("\n In main pStu->Y = %lf", pStu->Y);

printf("\n In main pStu->Z = %lf", pStu->Z);

printf("\n");

return 0;

}

运行结果：

In function1 fp->X = 8987.998700

In function1 fp->Y = 1235.555500

In function1 fp->Z = 6542.022500

In function2 pStu->X = 8987.998700

In function2 pStu->Y = 1235.555500

In function2 pStu->Z = 6542.022500

In main pStu->X = 8987.998700

In main pStu->Y = 1235.555500

In main pStu->Z = 6542.022500

运行结果赋值正常，没有用到什么实例化操作啊

请高手解答，谢谢！