python etree模块所有函数详解_Python之xml.etree.ElementTree模块的使用

xml.etree.ElementTree模块的作用

基于事件和基于文档的APID来解析XML，可以使用XPath表达式搜索已解析的文件，具有对文档的增删改查的功能，该方式需要注意大xml文件，因为是一次性加载到内存，

所以如果是大xml文件，不推荐使用该模块解析，应该使用sax方式。

测试解析的内容

1

2008

141100

4

2011

59900

68

2011

13600

test.xml

1、解析xml文档

from xml.etree importElementTree

with open('test.xml', 'tr', encoding='utf-8') as rf:

tree=ElementTree.parse(rf)print(tree)

ElementTree_parse_xml.py

运行结果

#返回ElementTree对象

2、遍历解析XML树,获取节点名字

from xml.etree importElementTree

with open('test.xml', 'tr', encoding='utf-8') as rf:

tree=ElementTree.parse(rf)for node intree.iter():print(node.tag)

ElementTree_dump_xml.py

运行结果

#打印所有节点名字

data

country

rank

year

gdppc

neighbor

neighbor

country

rank

year

gdppc

neighbor

country

rank

year

gdppc

neighbor

neighbor

3、遍历解析XML树,获取属性值

from xml.etree importElementTree

with open('test.xml', 'tr', encoding='utf-8') as rf:

tree=ElementTree.parse(rf)for node in tree.iter('neighbor'):

attr_name= node.attrib.get('name')

attr_direction= node.attrib.get('direction')#如果两个值都不为空，则打印两个值，否则打印一个值

if attr_name andattr_direction:print('{:<25}{:<25}'.format(attr_name, attr_direction))else:print('{:<25}'.format(attr_name))

ElementTree_show_name_direction.py

运行结果

Austria E

Switzerland W

Malaysia N

Costa Rica W

Colombia E

4、利用XPath在XML文档中查找节点

from xml.etree importElementTree

with open('test.xml', 'tr', encoding='utf-8') as rf:

tree=ElementTree.parse(rf)for node in tree.findall('.//neighbor'):

name= node.attrib.get('name')ifname:print(name)

ElementTree_find_feeds_by_tag.py

运行结果

Austria

Switzerland

Malaysia

Costa Rica

Colombia

5、利用XPath在XML文档中查找更深一层的节点

from xml.etree importElementTree

with open('test.xml', 'tr', encoding='utf-8') as rf:

tree=ElementTree.parse(rf)for node in tree.findall('.//neighbor/neighbor'):

name= node.attrib.get('name')ifname:print(name)

ElementTree_find_feeds_by_structure.py

运行结果

Malaysia

6、利用XPath表达式，查询节点的属性名和值

from xml.etree importElementTree

with o