function在python_Python之function

1　　Function

a function is a device that groups a set of statements so they can be run more than once in a program.

1)　　def statements

def (arg1, arg2,... argN):

Function bodies often contain a return statement:

def (arg1, arg2,... argN):

...return

2)def executes at runtime

iftest:def func(): #Define func this way

...else:def func(): #Or else this way

...

...

func()#Call the version selected and buil

One way to understand this code is to realize that the def is much like an = statement: it simply assigns a name at runtime.

Unlike C, Python functions do not need to be fully defined before the program runs. More generally, defs are not evaluated until they are reached and run, and the code inside defs is not evaluated until the functions are later called.

Because function definition happens at runtime, there’s nothing special about function name. What’s important is the object to which it refers:

othername = func 　　#Assign function object

othername() 　　#Call func again

2　　Example 1 - Definitions and Calls

1)  definition

>>> deftimes(x,y):

...return x *y

...

2)  call

>>> times(4,5)　　# Arguments in parentheses20

>>> x = times(3.14,4)>>> x #Save the result object

12.56

>>> times('Ha',4)　　# Functions are "typeless"'HaHaHaHa'

3　　Example 2 - Intersecting Sequences

1)  definition

>>> defintersect(seq1,seq2):

... res=[] 　　　　 # Start empty

...for x inseq1:　　　　　 # Scan seq1

...if x inseq2:　　　　　# Common item?

... res.append(x)　　　　# Add to end

...returnres

...

2)  call

>>> s1 = "SPAM"

>>> s2 = "SCAM"

>>> intersect(s1,s2) #Strings

['S', 'A', 'M']

>>> [x for x in s1 if x ins2]

['S', 'A', 'M']

3)  polymorphism revisited

>>> x = intersect([1,2,3],(1,4))　　# Mixed types>>>x　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　# Saved result object

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