python中exit和break区别,Python中exit（）和sys.exit（）之间的区别

In Python, there are two similarly-named functions, exit() and sys.exit(). What's the difference and when should I use one over the other?

解决方案

exit is a helper for the interactive shell - sys.exit is intended for use in programs.

The site module (which is imported automatically during startup, except if the -S command-line option is given) adds several constants to the built-in namespace (e.g. exit). They are useful for the interactive interpreter shell and should not be used in programs.

Technically, they do mostly the same: raising SystemExit. sys.exit does so in sysmodule.c:

static PyObject *

sys_exit(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)

{

PyObject *exit_code = 0;

if (!PyArg_UnpackTuple(args, "exit", 0, 1, &exit_code))

return NULL;

/* Raise SystemExit so callers may catch it or clean up. */

PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_SystemExit, exit_code);

return NULL;

}

While exit is defined in site.py and _sitebuiltins.py, respectively.

class Quitter(object):

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

def __repr__(self):

return 'Use %s() or %s to exit' % (self.name, eof)

def __call__(self, code=None):

# Shells like IDLE catch the SystemExit, but listen when their

# stdin wrapper is closed.

try:

sys.stdin.close()

except:

pass

raise SystemExit(code)

__builtin__.quit = Quitter('quit')

__builtin__.exit = Quitter('exit')

Note that there is a third exit option, namely os._exit, which exits without calling cleanup handlers, flushing stdio buffers, etc. (and which should normally only be used in the child process after a fork()).