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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-29 21:23:55 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-29 21:23:55 发布

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REPOSITORY HAS BEEN ARCHIVED AND IS NO LONGER MAINTAINED FOR NOW

Pycryptotools, Python library for Crypto coins signatures and transactions

This is a fork of Vitalik Buterin's original pybitcointools library.

Installation:

pip install cryptos

Library now supports making and pushing raw transactions for:

Bitcoin mainnet

Bitcoin testnet

Bitcoin Cash mainnet (with replay protection)

Bitcoin Cash testnet (with replay protection)

Litecoin mainnet

Litecoin testnet

Dash mainnet

Dash testnet

Dogecoin mainnet

Bitcoin Gold mainnet (with replay protection)

Transaction broadcast has been tested for all of these.

For the following, local operations such as making and signing transactions are supported but explorer dependant

operations (unspent, pushtx, etc.) are not yet supported.:

Bitcoin Gold testnet

Segregrated Witness transactions also supported for:

Bitcoin mainnet

Bitcoin testnet

Litecoin mainnet

Litecoin testnet

Here are the first mainnet segwit transactions made with this library:

Aim is to provide a simple, class-based API which makes switching between different coins and mainnet and testnet, and adding new coins, all very easy.

Roadmap:

Replaceable transactions

Change from explorers to electrumx servers

Correct fee detection algorithm

Extend wallets to make transactions

Read the docs page

E-commerce tools (exchange rates, short-time invoices)

Desktop GUI for easy creation, signing and broadcasting of raw transactions

Multi-crypto wallet GUI

Advantages:

Methods have a simple interface, inputting and outputting in standard formats

Classes for different coins with a common interface

Many functions can be taken out and used individually

Supports binary, hex and base58

Transaction deserialization format almost compatible with BitcoinJS

Electrum and BIP0032 support

Make and publish a transaction all in a single command line instruction with full control

Includes non-bitcoin-specific conversion and JSON utilities

Disadvantages:

Not a full node, has no idea what blocks are

Relies on centralized explorers for blockchain operations

Example usage - the long way (best way to learn :) ):

WARNING: While it's fun to mess around with this on the testnet, do not do the following procedure on the mainnet

unless you really know what you are doing. Any value in the inputs not included in the ouputs will be lost.

So if the total inputs value is 1 BTC, and the total outputs amount to 0.6 BTC, 0.4 BTC will be given to the

miners as a fee. The faster way, listed later in the README, ensures the difference between

inputs and outputs is sent as change back to the sender (except for a small fee).

If in doubt, before broadcasting a transaction, visit https://live.blockcypher.com/btc/decodetx/ and decode the raw tx

and make sure it looks right. If you aren't familiar with how Bitcoin transactions work, you should run through

this procedure a few times on the testnet before developing for mainnet.

OTHER WARNING: Default fees for Bitcoin mainnet are probably too low throughout this library.

This can cause coins to be lost for a period of time until they are finally confirmed by a miner. Hopefully, some kind

of "correct fee" detection algorithm will be implemented soon but for now it is recommended to think about and set an

appropriate fee when making transactions. There are many different ways of making a transaction. Whichever method you

choose, make sure you understand how to set the correct fee. Here's a link about for information about the current recommended fees:

> from cryptos import *

> c = Bitcoin(testnet=True)

> priv = sha256('a big long brainwallet password')

> priv

'89d8d898b95addf569b458fbbd25620e9c9b19c9f730d5d60102abbabcb72678'

> pub = c.privtopub(priv)

> pub

'041f763d81010db8ba3026fef4ac3dc1ad7ccc2543148041c61a29e883ee4499dc724ab2737afd66e4aacdc0e4f48550cd783c1a73edb3dbd0750e1bd0cb03764f'

> addr = c.pubtoaddr(pub)

> addr

'mwJUQbdhamwemrsR17oy7z9upFh4JtNxm1'

> inputs = c.unspent(addr)

> inputs

[{'output': '3be10a0aaff108766371fd4f4efeabc5b848c61d4aac60db6001464879f07508:0', 'value': 180000000}, {'output': '51ce9804e1a4fd3067416eb5052b9930fed7fdd9857067b47d935d69f41faa38:0', 'value': 90000000}]

> outs = [{'value': 269845600, 'address': '2N8hwP1WmJrFF5QWABn38y63uYLhnJYJYTF'}, {'value': 100000, 'address': 'mrvHv6ggk5gFMatuJtBKAzktTU1N3MYdu2'}]

> tx = c.mktx(inputs,outs)

> tx

{'locktime': 0, 'version': 1, 'ins': [{'outpoint': {'hash': '3be10a0aaff108766371fd4f4efeabc5b848c61d4aac60db6001464879f07508', 'index': 0}, 'amount': 180000000, 'script': '483045022100fccd16f619c5f8b8198f5a00f557f6542afaae10b2992733963c5b9c4042544c022041521e7ab2f4b58856e8554c651664af92f6abd58328c41bc652aea460a9a6a30141041f763d81010db8ba3026fef4ac3dc1ad7ccc2543148041c61a29e883ee4499dc724ab2737afd66e4aacdc0e4f48550cd783c1a73edb3dbd0750e1bd0cb03764f', 'sequence': 4294967295}, {'outpoint': {'hash': '51ce9804e1a4fd3067416eb5052b9930fed7fdd9857067b47d935d69f41faa38', 'index': 0}, 'amount': 90000000, 'script': '483045022100a9f056be75da4167c2cae9f037e04f6efd20caf97e05052406c127d72e7f236c02206638c10ad6975b44c26633e7c40547405dd4e6184fa3afd0ec98260369fadb0d0141041f763d81010db8ba3026fef4ac3dc1ad7ccc2543148041c61a29e883ee4499dc724ab2737afd66e4aacdc0e4f48550cd783c1a73edb3dbd0750e1bd0cb03764f', 'sequence': 4294967295}], 'outs': [{'script': 'a914a9974100aeee974a20cda9a2f545704a0ab54fdc87', 'value': 269845600}, {'script': '76a9147d13547544ecc1f28eda0c0766ef4eb214de104588ac', 'value': 100000}]}

> tx2 = c.sign(tx,0,priv)

> tx2

> tx3 = c.sign(tx2,1,priv)

> tx3

> tx4 = c.serialize(tx)

> tx4

'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'

> c.pushtx(tx4)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'network': 'BTCTEST', 'txid': '00af7b794355aa4ea5851a792713934b524b820cf7f20e2a0e01ab61910b5299'}}

Faster way

To send 12 DASH from addr belonging to privkey 89d8d898b95addf569b458fbbd25620e9c9b19c9f730d5d60102abbabcb72678

to address yd8Q7MwTDe9yJdeMx1YSSYS4wdxQ2HDqTg, with change returned to the sender address:

> from cryptos import *

> dash = Dash(testnet=True)

> dash.send("89d8d898b95addf569b458fbbd25620e9c9b19c9f730d5d60102abbabcb72678", "yd8Q7MwTDe9yJdeMx1YSSYS4wdxQ2HDqTg", 1200000000)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'txid': '6a510a129bf1e229e99c3eede516d3bde8bdccf859199937a98eaab2ce1cd7ab', 'network': 'DASHTEST'}}

Or if you prefer to verify the tx (for example, with Blockcypher) you can break it into two steps:

> from cryptos import *

> dash = Dash()

> tx = dash.preparesignedtx(priv, "Xhcmzs5wKECBiWwSEsTZu8wNonguH5poaz", 9800000-20000, fee=20000)

> tx

'010000000194f2f955627dfd549f213a70d65dcd5550c0b14a484d38b6ae47fe7a8896ca41000000008b483045022100b125b1f4848c145193f70b915b0074539d90fd74c2e75492169f06927acafa39022025a009711a354a7d84e19f234dfb5d20e155b64acad40941670e634c1100101a01410437b81f8f1376a87556380ad9f3a6b7f642754b3497ce42518f8dbd39bfedea24d897ae5d8d1dd41c04f55700ed6f3b7cee99df5aed74f98a54cbc576d75c0b9fffffffff01203b9500000000001976a9144c0404140e6ad8d04bdf625888bf6dfcc20fa12d88ac00000000'

> dash.pushtx(tx)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'txid': '0d889f6a268340c8fd30cdc6567eb588765e911fdd1fb0aac870dc3125ffde76', 'network': 'DASH'}}

Another example with Bitcoin Cash testnet:

> from cryptos import *

> crypto = BitcoinCash(testnet=True)

> tx = crypto.preparesignedtx("89d8d898b95addf569b458fbbd25620e9c9b19c9f730d5d60102abbabcb72678", "mgRoeWs2CeCEuqQmNfhJjnpX8YvtPACmCX", 967916800)

> tx

'010000000144ea7b41df09cee54c43f817dc11fd4d88c9b721b4c13b588f6a764eab78f692000000008b4830450221008efa819db89f714dbe0a19a7eb605d03259f4755a0f12876e9dddf477e1867b8022072bc76d120e92668f4765b5d694aee4a3cafd6cd4aaa8d5ebf88c3f821c81d9c4141041f763d81010db8ba3026fef4ac3dc1ad7ccc2543148041c61a29e883ee4499dc724ab2737afd66e4aacdc0e4f48550cd783c1a73edb3dbd0750e1bd0cb03764fffffffff02003db139000000001976a91409fed3e08e624b23dbbacc77f7b2a39998351a6888acf046df07000000001976a914ad25bdf0fdfd21ca91a82449538dce47f8dc213d88ac00000000'

> crypto.pushtx(tx)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'txid': 'd8b130183824d0001d3bc669b31e798e2654868a7fda743aaf35d757d89db0eb', 'network': 'tbcc'}}

Segregated Witness - the long way

The same warnings about testnet practice and fees as discussed earlier applies here.

To create a segwit transaction, generate a pay to witness script hash (P2WPKH)

address and mark all the Segwit UTXOs with segwit=True.

> from cryptos import *

> c = Litecoin(testnet=True)

> priv = sha256('a big long brainwallet password')

> priv

'89d8d898b95addf569b458fbbd25620e9c9b19c9f730d5d60102abbabcb72678'

> addr = c.privtop2w(priv)

> addr

'2Mtj1R5qSfGowwJkJf7CYufFVNk5BRyAYZh'

> inputs = c.unspent(addr)

> inputs

[{'output': '63189d6354b1e7d3a5a16076b0722f84b80b94d5f4958c3697191503cccbe88a:0', 'value': 100000000}]

> inputs[0]['segwit']=True

> inputs

[{'output': '63189d6354b1e7d3a5a16076b0722f84b80b94d5f4958c3697191503cccbe88a:0', 'value': 100000000, 'segwit': True}]

> outs = [{'value': 79956800, 'address': 'mxYcACPJWAMMkXu7S9SM8npicFWehpYCWx'}, {'value': 19989200, 'address': '2Mtj1R5qSfGowwJkJf7CYufFVNk5BRyAYZh'}]

> tx = c.mktx(inputs,outs)

> tx

{'locktime': 0, 'version': 1, 'ins': [{'script': '', 'sequence': 4294967295, 'outpoint': {'hash': '63189d6354b1e7d3a5a16076b0722f84b80b94d5f4958c3697191503cccbe88a', 'index': 0}, 'amount': 100000000, 'segwit': True}], 'outs': [{'script': '76a914baca2979689786ba311edcfc04d9ad95d393679488ac', 'value': 79956800}, {'script': 'a9141039471d8d44f3693cd34d1b9d69fd957799cf3087', 'value': 19989200}], 'marker': 0, 'flag': 1, 'witness': []}

> tx2 = c.sign(tx,0,priv)

> tx2

{'locktime': 0, 'version': 1, 'ins': [{'script': '160014804aff26594cc36c0ac89e95895ab9bdd0c540ef', 'sequence': 4294967295, 'outpoint': {'hash': '63189d6354b1e7d3a5a16076b0722f84b80b94d5f4958c3697191503cccbe88a', 'index': 0}, 'amount': 100000000, 'segwit': True}], 'outs': [{'script': '76a914baca2979689786ba311edcfc04d9ad95d393679488ac', 'value': 79956800}, {'script': 'a9141039471d8d44f3693cd34d1b9d69fd957799cf3087', 'value': 19989200}], 'marker': 0, 'flag': 1, 'witness': [{'number': 2, 'scriptCode': '47304402201632cb84a0aed4934df83fbc3cd2682f920eef37f76aa64d477702dd59633c900220198cfe15c28b26247c8e49974b4fda825ae16441112f13e754322964a9f24ec80121031f763d81010db8ba3026fef4ac3dc1ad7ccc2543148041c61a29e883ee4499dc'}]}

> tx3 = serialize(tx)

> tx3

'010000000001018ae8cbcc03151997368c95f4d5940bb8842f72b07660a1a5d3e7b154639d18630000000017160014804aff26594cc36c0ac89e95895ab9bdd0c540efffffffff02400bc404000000001976a914baca2979689786ba311edcfc04d9ad95d393679488acd00231010000000017a9141039471d8d44f3693cd34d1b9d69fd957799cf30870247304402201632cb84a0aed4934df83fbc3cd2682f920eef37f76aa64d477702dd59633c900220198cfe15c28b26247c8e49974b4fda825ae16441112f13e754322964a9f24ec80121031f763d81010db8ba3026fef4ac3dc1ad7ccc2543148041c61a29e883ee4499dc00000000'

> c.pushtx(tx3)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'network': 'LTCTEST', 'txid': '51d5be05d0a35ef5a8ff5f43855ea59e8361874aff1039d6cf5d9a1f93ae1042'}}

It's also possible to mix segwit inputs with non-segwit inputs. Only one input needs to be marked as segwit

to create a segwit transaction.

Segregated Witness - Faster Way:

Send 0.23486583 LTC to LPZd11JyAd6fJh5ZBMcmu6qczV14CZnz55 from segwit address 3P1bEPk5v4CUhvX9VqDuxqJGnTutt9czZb,

returning change to LchaMS51XFYmks3fJLAyuSeYSbiyByPLUD:

>from cryptos import *

>l = Litecoin()

l.send("", "LNM9Hpc6EFd7SsKkPU6ATLJNdXSNPnNdqs", 23486583, fee=20000, change_addr="LchaMS51XFYmks3fJLAyuSeYSbiyByPLUD", segwit=True)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'network': 'LTC', 'txid': '3b936180daf05adcd7e9f04b60e1ba9a4a6db486c0ad91cb795b29ca46313000'}}

It's also possible to provide the send address in addition to the private key in which case segwit will be

auto-detected, so no need to know in advance if the address is segwit or not:

>from cryptos import *

>c = Bitcoin()

>c.send('', '1CBFPfNotcVcWg26WdhfnoDDvZqzuBxKDb', 88036480, addr="3AGe5CkW5CKFAgKpQE82VSWkEjoxfDxMxQ")

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'network': 'LTC', 'txid': 'b16ad0332ca3114f0dc773fda643c49e41308df4204940539bea5806cfee0989'}}

It's also possible to provide the send address in addition to the private key in which case segwit will be

auto-detected, so no need to know in advance if the address is segwit or not:

>from cryptos import *

>c = Bitcoin()

>c.send('', '1CBFPfNotcVcWg26WdhfnoDDvZqzuBxKDb', 88036480, addr="3AGe5CkW5CKFAgKpQE82VSWkEjoxfDxMxQ")

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'network': 'LTC', 'txid': 'b16ad0332ca3114f0dc773fda643c49e41308df4204940539bea5806cfee0989'}}

2-of-3 MultiSig Transaction example:

> from cryptos import *

> coin = Bitcoin(testnet=True)

> publickeys = ['02e5c473c051dae31043c335266d0ef89c1daab2f34d885cc7706b267f3269c609', '0391ed6bf1e0842997938ea2706480a7085b8bb253268fd12ea83a68509602b6e0', '0415991434e628402bebcbaa3261864309d2c6fd10c850462b9ef0258832822d35aa26e62e629d2337e3716784ca6c727c73e9600436ded7417d957318dc7a41eb']

> script, address = coin.mk_multsig_address(publickeys, 2)

> script

'522102e5c473c051dae31043c335266d0ef89c1daab2f34d885cc7706b267f3269c609210391ed6bf1e0842997938ea2706480a7085b8bb253268fd12ea83a68509602b6e0410415991434e628402bebcbaa3261864309d2c6fd10c850462b9ef0258832822d35aa26e62e629d2337e3716784ca6c727c73e9600436ded7417d957318dc7a41eb53ae'

> address

'2ND6ptW19yaFEmBa5LtEDzjKc2rSsYyUvqA'

> tx = coin.preparetx(address, "myLktRdRh3dkK3gnShNj5tZsig6J1oaaJW", 1100000, 50000)

> for i in range(0, len(tx['ins'])):

sig1 = coin.multisign(tx, i, script, "cUdNKzomacP2631fa5Q4yHv2fADc8Ueymr5Z5NUSJjVM13igcVJk")

sig3 = coin.multisign(tx, i, script, "cMrziExc6iMV8vvAML8QX9hGDP8zNhcsKbdS9BqrRa1b4mhKvK6f")

tx = apply_multisignatures(tx, i, script, sig1, sig3)

> tx

'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'

> coin.pushtx(tx)

{'status': 'success', 'data': {'txid': 'b64e19311e3aa197063e03657679e2974e04c02c5b651c4e8d55f428490ab75f', 'network': 'BTCTEST'}}

Supported coins

> from cryptos import *

> priv = sha256('a big long brainwallet password')

> b = Bitcoin()

> b.privtoaddr(priv)

'1GnX7YYimkWPzkPoHYqbJ4waxG6MN2cdSg'

> b = Bitcoin(testnet=True)

> b.privtoaddr(priv)

'mwJUQbdhamwemrsR17oy7z9upFh4JtNxm1'

> l = Litecoin()

> l.privtoaddr(priv)

'Lb1UNkrYrQkTFZ5xTgpta61MAUTdUq7iJ1'

> l = Litecoin(testnet=True)

> l.privtoaddr(priv)

'mwJUQbdhamwemrsR17oy7z9upFh4JtNxm1'

> c = BitcoinCash()

> c.privtoaddr(priv)

'1GnX7YYimkWPzkPoHYqbJ4waxG6MN2cdSg'

> c = BitcoinCash(testnet=True)

> c.privtoaddr(priv)

'mwJUQbdhamwemrsR17oy7z9upFh4JtNxm1'

> d = Dash()

> d.privtoaddr(priv)

'XrUMwoCcjTiz9gzP9S9p9bdNnbg3MvAB1F'

> d = Dash(testnet=True)

> d.privtoaddr(priv)

'yc6xxkH4B1P4VRuviHUDBd3j4tAQpy4fzn'

> d = Doge()

> d.privtoaddr(priv)

'DLvceoVN5AQgXkaQ28q9qq7BqPpefFRp4E'

> bg = BitcinGold()

> bg.privtoaddr(priv)

'GZdSXfsfkc7h5Dh6DVVhiqHUsRtCMQ9fxG'

> bg = BitcoinGold(legacy=True)

> bg.privtoaddr(priv)

'1GnX7YYimkWPzkPoHYqbJ4waxG6MN2cdSg'

> bg = BitcoinGold(testnet=True)

> bg.privtoaddr(priv)

'mwJUQbdhamwemrsR17oy7z9upFh4JtNxm1'

BIP39-BIP44 Standard Wallets:

Aims to be compatible with https://iancoleman.io/bip39/. Good choice for supporting different coins and networks from

the same wallet words. Also compatible with electrum when bip39 option is selected.

> from cryptos import *

> words = entropy_to_words(os.urandom(16))

> words

'practice display use aisle armor salon glue okay sphere rather belt mansion'

> keystore.bip39_is_checksum_valid(words)

(True, True)

> coin = Bitcoin()

> wallet = coin.wallet(words)

> wallet.keystore.root_derivation

"m/44'/0'/0'"

> wallet.keystore.xprv #Account Extended Private Key

'xprv9y1M42LhHxTuoQbCuySz4Ek6EB3guE4CiXDXhHQnR7LwgpUV7AxQVm7D4HpUWRStwUXFepQRz7av2iaAXXYoizT9JoqWE6qffxNdiMxFQtc'

> wallet.keystore.xpub # Account Extended Public Key

'xpub6BzhTXsb8L2D1tfg1zyzRNgpnCtBJgn45k98VfpPySsvZcodeiGf3ZRguZLoS6VwEQ4iZ7Y4bq5A5eqyooyc4jC9beFTB3mmxrGwjRLa3pm'

> addr1 = wallet.new_receiving_address()

> addr1

'18q3EiCiKd5vydnaVwWEpAFyzfL2ftAZ1L'

> wallet.privkey(addr1)

'L4cKz3epcM3CAmwkSwJwZ2c4q5ukmSVWCrE9PqE46ybU3XyzfTYx'

> addr2 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr2

'1BgkpwEDrTbCNduyR97EpW4zvFhEzWsyvi'

> wallet.privkey(addr2)

'L5Xmbnsen2cN36WxbuHkAixBmuJ8b3GZPmLtaRPf66p4gfnqHDqi'

> addr3 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr3

'1KjxFsDP9SXAmKKD4ZgSep5kYaYgAGK3P9'

> priv3 = wallet.privkey(addr3)

> priv3

'L1ktR1kifTXLXoroLZiB3AF9UtKLRW2FmYnnR7VbPZBYkscgRkyn'

> assert coin.privtoaddr(priv3) == addr3

True

Dash example:

> from cryptos import *

> words = 'practice display use aisle armor salon glue okay sphere rather belt mansion'

> coin = Dash()

> wallet = coin.wallet(words)

> wallet.keystore.root_derivation

"m/44'/5'/0'"

> wallet.keystore.xprv #Account Extended Private Key

'xprv9yiTHjM4MPNQndsxkrvE2QgF36nvutGt3e9k5DjkjfAnNbqGm1wL77XV2xHiwnUfwcgAZUWkdpEnxRWELTrgXDVhvntNFwme1CqCgm1a91f'

> wallet.keystore.xpub # Account Extended Public Key

'xpub6ChohEsxBkvi17xRrtTEPYcyb8dRKLzjQs5Lsc9NHzhmFQARJZFaeuqxtEMHaF4J8MzatWSYrmq2qAc3BaxFiKzEwX1AKQx5uWHZr3y8s82'

> addr1 = wallet.new_receiving_address()

> addr1

'Xea1GEenz6Toq5YQjvjz86MTT8ezT5ZwnY'

> wallet.privkey(addr1)

'XDbSZeVzBiHanwrSU5yripFd8Lq5tnrjxgvbaksNPhAExbS29aAa'

> addr2 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr2

'XwYCR4CwafwoGe6P4H9LndaqAQkmE6xYix'

> wallet.privkey(addr2)

'XHwHKxVfhzPEGZGGfQ9uwKK2xQjavF2yNUkq7FGXFA6SyZv4jge1'

> addr3 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr3

'XfZwJaFiBx4qLqnQydvqGyWDPciAtjFmgn'

> priv3 = wallet.privkey(addr3)

> priv3

'XCNac8eQE642wWKaxnWHLa1GW1Y1uppvT5uda3LYVXAJZAAdR1Fx'

> assert coin.privtoaddr(priv3) == addr3

True

BIP39-BIP49 Segwit Wallets:

> from cryptos import *

> words = entropy_to_words(os.urandom(20))

> words

'jealous silver churn hedgehog border physical market parent hungry design cage lab drill clay attack'

> keystore.bip39_is_checksum_valid(words)

(True, True)

> coin = Bitcoin()

> wallet = coin.p2wpkh_p2sh_wallet(words)

> wallet.keystore.root_derivation

"m/49'/0'/0'"

> wallet.keystore.xprv #Account Extended Private Key

'yprvAHoU8z6164hTNdwpArPgn2bdNExmUu9HwxeyhUok8pLDNQSCzYo8rvD6tFvMKk4EQXF2UGzRea5FBHjrtcuYmuBB7Z6EoznKCPeUwXaZduB'

> wallet.keystore.xpub # Account Extended Public Key

'ypub6WnpYVctvSFkb82HGsvh9AYMvGoFtMs9KBaaVsDMh9sCFCmMY67PQiXajW1FQq7AKsgvWGSrmZ82rquUpwcKR6Ey1sdMdeQWvgCKvABjWy8'

> addr1 = wallet.new_receiving_address()

> addr1

'38yA1L6u6NiADrafrqZKDt1fTRHpGC3E7g'

> wallet.privkey(addr1)

'Ky13njnYGrj5jowjUarqcmaRCG37zSwqRJkTj296cQsSvFtsV5a5'

> addr2 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr2

'3B5f8vVBRTAh2krbd4PiCtpyn7LhFJBDdV'

> wallet.privkey(addr2)

'KzCNhiuvwQ1T6hXL21Act86HacauJGe1c8ttECqx1Fai6tPc1bEG'

> addr3 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr3

'3NvrTctHm6dQc6G2p3XYciWH8H6Lfcz9Jc'

> wallet.privkey(addr3)

'KwdZhDopz3UVNW3Qso5UiyGkiDmayRZmAZdfAojvGsoP7da7HueX'

BIP39-BIP84 New Segwit Wallets:

> from cryptos import *

> words = 'jealous silver churn hedgehog border physical market parent hungry design cage lab drill clay attack'

> coin = Bitcoin()

> wallet = coin.p2wpkh_wallet(words)

> wallet.keystore.root_derivation

"m/84'/0'/0'

> wallet.keystore.xprv #Account Extended Private Key

'zprvAcSKXVdgJHh5vyEeC6HSVScUCHxrKEWkkFSE2YsLpTborr4y2rHMrmr66yvxkGVqiiwwUCqUVkPB7o5ThnK3Dybi5PEywikXbNKQcHNMYPd'

> wallet.keystore.xpub # Account Extended Public Key

'zpub6qRfw1Aa8fFP9TK7J7pSraZCkKoLihEc7UMppwGxNo8njeQ7aPbcQaAZxFtnjCj9XveSJEnwV88YPyXXUCr3yRSSAKzibVCQB7AudUQn6Qg'

> addr1 = wallet.new_receiving_address()

> addr1

'bc1qkh6wwkyhfceuxq236pc9gtv2agfqnelzh5m94f'

> wallet.privkey(addr1)

'Kwnaq7cvD4CAnTcppou6wpUpMFx5yZRqkpZcy6bBvPVKp2FQzJNf'

> addr2 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr2

'bc1qj3vc5ft8nuka447z7ecujksszq6cm2r8p750n9'

> wallet.privkey(addr2)

'L1QjmcLmeR5tbH62WxKoSdZBBHn69PuQSnLo2LaimnztsDANMP5M'

> addr3 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr3

'bc1qft00enx8c6unn00pmfdgq36ftd0u0q4lk5ajpy'

> wallet.privkey(addr3)

'Kx91EteCnRmUPr8eibiEsAcFDyKJ2z9uAwGUQfMVw5ABQx7QyVgg'

Electrum wallets

These aim to be compatible with the default Electrum wallet seed style. They do not have different derivation paths for different coins.

No checks have been made against any non-Bitcoin Electum wallet (e.g. Electrum Litecoin, Electron Cash)

At this moment, there is no support generating the seed words Electrum requires (which contains versioning) so seed words need to be copied from Electrum.

Electrum versioning allows for auto-detection of wallet type, .e.g standard or segwit.

> from cryptos import *

> seed_words = 'bitter grass shiver impose acquire brush forget axis eager alone wine silver'

> wallet = Bitcoin().electrum_wallet(seed_words)

> wallet.keystore.xtype

'p2wpkh'

> wallet.keystore.root_derivation

"m/0'/"

> wallet.keystore.xprv

'zprvAZswDvNeJeha8qZ8g7efN3FXYVJLaEUsE9TW6qXDEbVe74AZ75c2sZFZXPNFzxnhChDQ89oC8C5AjWwHmH1HeRKE1c4kKBQAmjUDdKDUZw2'

> wallet.keystore.xpub

'zpub6nsHdRuY92FsMKdbn9BfjBCG6X8pyhCibNP6uDvpnw2cyrVhecvHRMa3Ne8kdJZxjxgwnpbHLkcR4bfnhHy6auHPJyDTQ3kianeuVLdkCYQ'

> addr1 = wallet.new_receiving_address()

> addr1

'bc1q3g5tmkmlvxryhh843v4dz026avatc0zzr6h3af'

> wallet.privkey(addr1)

'L9fSXYNxYWHJWUqrQ6yhZCAJXq6XsfvcJ1Y2EnMAZfLLRNVQswQj'

> addr2 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr2

'bc1qdy94n2q5qcp0kg7v9yzwe6wvfkhnvyzje7nx2p'

> wallet.privkey(addr2)

'L8rPGyfyzdLLEzxuBeC87Jvpp8FKxwrRtmkZ2PkRmRjqxNF8TVwG'

> addr3 = wallet.new_change_address()

> addr3

'bc1q6xwxcw6m9ga35687tnu5tstmsvmzjwdnzktemv'

> wallet.privkey(addr3)

'L7NeR6r9yU2n4zddxTCUpKYmzugYuouyLsCZR9naTqkBW6sjpxDM'

Watch wallets

For security reasons the seed and xprv should ideally be held in cold storage only. If a web application needs to be

able to provide addresses on demand, the solution is to use a watch wallet, generated from the xpub.

For example, let's take the Dash xpub from a previous example:

> from cryptos import *

> coin = Dash()

> xpub = 'xpub6ChohEsxBkvi17xRrtTEPYcyb8dRKLzjQs5Lsc9NHzhmFQARJZFaeuqxtEMHaF4J8MzatWSYrmq2qAc3BaxFiKzEwX1AKQx5uWHZr3y8s82'

> wallet = coin.watch_wallet(xpub)

> wallet.is_watching_only

True

> wallet.new_receiving_address()

'Xea1GEenz6Toq5YQjvjz86MTT8ezT5ZwnY'

> wallet.new_change_address()

'XwYCR4CwafwoGe6P4H9LndaqAQkmE6xYix'

Full list of wallet methods:

wallet -> BIP 39 Standard

watch_wallet -> BIP 39 Standard, watch-only

p2wpkh_p2sh_wallet -> BIP 39 Segwit P2SH addresses, beginning with 3 for Bitcoin mainnet

watch_p2wpkh_p2sh_wallet -> BIP 39 Segwit P2SH addresses, watch-only

p2wpkh_wallet -> BIP 39 New Segwit Addresses, beginning with 'bc' for Bitcoin mainnet

watch_p2wpkh_wallet -> BIP New Segwit Address, watch-only

electrum_wallet -> detects p2kh or p2wpkh based on seed

watch_electrum_wallet -> Watch electrum standard wallet

watch_electrum_p2wpkh_wallet -> Watch electrum new segwit wallet

Old style Electrum words wallet:

> import os

> from cryptos import *

> words = entropy_to_words(os.urandom(16))

> words

'float skirt road remind fire antique vendor select senior latin small glide'

> seed = mnemonic_to_seed(words)

> seed

b'\xb7Z\x9b\x9b\x9c\x1bq\x81\x1b\xdc\x98\x1c\xbc\xb8\xbb\x130\xea,\xda\x14\xeb\x9bF\xafu\x88\xc2\xf9\xfc\x7f\xd0\xb0?\x9d\xf3\xa7$0Tx\xd3\xb7\x82\x87U\xe7\xcc\xdd\x16\xddd\xbf'T\t_\xdc R!x\t'

> electrum_privkey(seed, 0)

'5a37812b3057e44636c6e07023e16a8669e12a4365dfabbcb376ed272081d522'

> electrum_privkey(seed, 300, 0)

'04cf414f200cd090239f2116d90608a74eae34ae21103ca9eef7bd9579e48bed'

> electrum_privkey(seed, 0, 1) #Change address

'9ca3631f813a6f81b70fbfc4384122bfe6fb159e6f7aea2811fe968c2a39d42a'

The cryptotool command line interface:

cryptotool bip32_master_key 21456t243rhgtucyadh3wgyrcubw3grydfbng

xprv9s21ZrQH143K2napkeoHT48gWmoJa89KCQj4nqLfdGybyWHP9Z8jvCGzuEDv4ihCyoed7RFPNbc9NxoSF7cAvH9AaNSvepUaeqbSpJZ4rbT

cryptotool bip32_ckd xprv9s21ZrQH143K2napkeoHT48gWmoJa89KCQj4nqLfdGybyWHP9Z8jvCGzuEDv4ihCyoed7RFPNbc9NxoSF7cAvH9AaNSvepUaeqbSpJZ4rbT 0

xprv9vfzYrpwo7QHFdtrcvsSCTrBESFPUf1g7NRvayy1QkEfUekpDKLfqvHjgypF5w3nAvnwPjtQUNkyywWNkLbiUS95khfHCzJXFkLEdwRepbw

cryptotool bip32_privtopub xprv9s21ZrQH143K2napkeoHT48gWmoJa89KCQj4nqLfdGybyWHP9Z8jvCGzuEDv4ihCyoed7RFPNbc9NxoSF7cAvH9AaNSvepUaeqbSpJZ4rbT

xpub661MyMwAqRbcFGfHrgLHpC5R4odnyasAZdefbDkHBcWarJcXh6SzTzbUkWuhnP142ZFdKdAJSuTSaiGDYjvm7bCLmA8DZqksYjJbYmcgrYF

The -s option lets you read arguments from the command line

cryptotool sha256 'some big long brainwallet password' | pybtctool -s privtoaddr | pybtctool -s history

[{'output': u'97f7c7d8ac85e40c255f8a763b6cd9a68f3a94d2e93e8bfa08f977b92e55465e:0', 'value': 50000, 'address': u'1CQLd3bhw4EzaURHbKCwM5YZbUQfA4ReY6'}, {'output': u'4cc806bb04f730c445c60b3e0f4f44b54769a1c196ca37d8d4002135e4abd171:1', 'value': 50000, 'address': u'1CQLd3bhw4EzaURHbKCwM5YZbUQfA4ReY6'}]

cryptotool random_electrum_seed | pybtctool -s electrum_privkey 0 0

593240c2205e7b7b5d7c13393b7c9553497854b75c7470b76aeca50cd4a894d7

The -b option lets you read binary data as an argument

cryptotool sha256 123 | pybtctool -s changebase 16 256 | pybtctool -b changebase 256 16

a665a45920422f9d417e4867efdc4fb8a04a1f3fff1fa07e998e86f7f7a27ae30a

The -j option lets you read json from the command line (-J to split a json list into multiple arguments)

cryptotool unspent 1FxkfJQLJTXpW6QmxGT6oF43ZH959ns8Cq | pybtctool -j select 200000001 | pybtctool -j mksend 1EXoDusjGwvnjZUyKkxZ4UHEf77z6A5S4P:20000 1FxkfJQLJTXpW6QmxGT6oF43ZH959ns8Cq 1000 | pybtctool -s signall 805cd74ca322633372b9bfb857f3be41db0b8de43a3c44353b238c0acff9d523

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

Fun stuff with json:

cryptotool unspent 1EXoDusjGwvnjZUyKkxZ4UHEf77z6A5S4P | pybtctool -j multiaccess value | pybtctool -j sum

625216206372

cryptotool unspent 1EXoDusjGwvnjZUyKkxZ4UHEf77z6A5S4P | pybtctool -j count

6198

To use the testnet you can add --testnet:

cryptotool unspent 2N8hwP1WmJrFF5QWABn38y63uYLhnJYJYTF --testnet

[{"output": "209e5caf8997a3caed4dce0399804ad7fa50c70f866bb7118a42c79de1b76efc:1", "value": 120000000}, {"output": "79f38b3e730eea0e44b5a2e645f0979

2d9f8732a823079ba4778110657cbe7b2:0", "value": 100000000}, {"output": "99d88509d5f0e298bdb6883161c64c7f54444519ce28a0ef3d5942ff4ff7a924:0", "value

": 82211600}, {"output": "80acca12cf4b3b562b583f1dc7e43fff936e432a7ed4b16ac3cd10024820d027:0", "value": 192470000}, {"output": "3e5a3fa342c767d524b653aec51f3efe2122644c57340fbf5f79c75d1911ad35:0", "value": 10000000}]

Or the --coin option to use a coin other than bitcoin (bch, btc, dash, doge or ltc)

cryptotool unspent LV3VLesnCi3p3zf26Y86kH2FZxfQq2RjrA --coin ltc

[{"output": "42bfe7376410696e260b2198f484f5df4aa6c744465940f9922ac9f8589670a4:0", "value": 14282660}]

cryptotool unspent myLktRdRh3dkK3gnShNj5tZsig6J1oaaJW --coin ltc --testnet

[{"output": "68f9c662503715a3baf29fe4b07c056b0bf6654dbdd9d5393f4d6a18225d0ff3:0", "value": 16333531}, {"output": "aa40041a1fcdb952d6a38594a27529f890d17d715fd54b6914cd6709fa94ca67:0", "value": 100000000}, {"output": "3b72bae956d27ab0ad309808ab76beaf203109f423e533fd7c40f1201672f598:1", "value": 164712303}]

Make and broadcast a transaction on the Bitcoin Cash testnet:

cryptotool send 89d8d898b95addf569b458fbbd25620e9c9b19c9f730d5d60102abbabcb72678 mgRoeWs2CeCEuqQmNfhJjnpX8YvtPACmCX 999950000 --fee 50000 --coin bch --testnet

{"status": "success", "data": {"txid": "caae4c059ac07827047237560ff44f97c940600f8f0a1e3392f4bcaf91e38c5c", "network": "tbcc"}}

The arguments are the private key of the sender, the receiver's address and the fee (default 10000). Change will be returned to the sender.

Listing of main coin-specific methods:

privtopub : (privkey) -> pubkey

pubtoaddr : (pubkey) -> address

privtoaddr : (privkey) -> address

sign : (txobj, i, privkey) -> create digital signature of tx with privkey and add to input i

signall : (txobj, privkey) -> create digital signature of tx with privkey for all inputs

history : (address) -> tx history and balance of an address

unspent : (address) -> unspent outputs for an addresses

pushtx : (hex or bin tx) -> push a transaction to the blockchain

fetchtx : (txhash) -> fetch a tx from the blockchain

txinputs : (txhash) -> fetch inputs from a previous transaction in a format to be re-used as unspents

send : (privkey, to, value, fee=10000, change_addr=None, segwit=False, addr=None) -> create and a push a simple transaction to send coins to an address and return change to the change address or sender

sendmultitx : (privkey, to:value pairs, fee=10000, change_addr=None, segwit=False, addr=None) -> create and a push a transaction to send coins to multiple addresses and return change to the change address or sender

preparetx : (frm, to, value, fee, change_addr=None, segwit=False): -> create unsigned txobj with change output

preparemultitx : (frm, to:value pairs, fee, change_addr=None, segwit=False): -> create unsigned txobj with multiple outputs and additional change output

preparesignedtx : (privkey, to, value, fee=10000, change_addr=None, segwit=False, addr=None) -> create signed txobj with change output

preparesignedmultitx : (privkey, *args, change_addr=None, segwit=False, addr=None) -> create signed txobj with multiple outputs and additional change output

mktx : (inputs, outputs) -> create unsigned txobj

mksend : (inputs, outputs, change_addr, fee, segwit) -> create unsigned txobj

mk_multisig_address : (pubkeys, M) -> Returns both M-of-N multsig script and address pubkeys

pubtop2w : (pub) -> pay to witness script hash (segwit address)

privtop2w : (priv) -> pay to witness script hash (segwit address)

is_address : (addr) -> true if addr is a valid address for this network

is_p2sh : (addr) -> true if addr is a pay to script hash for this network

is_segwit : (priv, addr) -> true if priv-addr pair represent a pay to witness script hash

current_block_height : () -> Latest block height

block_height : (txhash) -> Block height containing the txhash

inspect : (tx_hex) -> Deserialize a transaction and decode and ins and outs

merkle_prove : (txhash) -> Proves a transaction is valid and returns txhash, merkle siblings and block header.

Listing of main non-coin specific commands:

add : (key1, key2) -> key1 + key2 (works on privkeys or pubkeys)

multiply : (pubkey, privkey) -> returns pubkey * privkey

ecdsa_sign : (message, privkey) -> sig

ecdsa_verify : (message, sig, pubkey) -> True/False

ecdsa_recover : (message, sig) -> pubkey

random_key : () -> privkey

random_electrum_seed : () -> electrum seed

electrum_stretch : (seed) -> secret exponent

electrum_privkey : (seed or secret exponent, i, type) -> privkey

electrum_mpk : (seed or secret exponent) -> master public key

electrum_pubkey : (seed or secexp or mpk) -> pubkey

bip32_master_key : (seed) -> bip32 master key

bip32_ckd : (private or public bip32 key, i) -> child key

bip32_privtopub : (private bip32 key) -> public bip32 key

bip32_extract_key : (private or public bip32_key) -> privkey or pubkey

deserialize : (hex or bin transaction) -> JSON tx

serialize : (JSON tx) -> hex or bin tx

multisign : (txobj, i, script, privkey) -> signature

apply_multisignatures: (txobj, i, script, sigs) -> tx with index i signed with sigs

scriptaddr : (script) -> P2SH address

mk_multisig_script : (pubkeys, M) -> M-of-N multisig script from pubkeys

verify_tx_input : (tx, i, script, sig, pub) -> True/False

tx_hash : (hex or bin tx) -> hash

access : (json list/object, prop) -> desired property of that json object

multiaccess : (json list, prop) -> like access, but mapped across each list element

slice : (json list, start, end) -> given slice of the list

count : (json list) -> number of elements

sum : (json list) -> sum of all values

select : (unspent, value) -> returns list of unspents which are enough to cover the value

Another reminder and useful links

Another reminder, if you are doing something new with the library, whether a regular transaction, multisig,

segwit or a coin you haven't worked with before, try it out in testnet first or alternatively with small amounts

on the mainnet. The original pybitcointools had issues opened in Github where people lost money either due to

not understanding what they were doing or because of bugs.

Here are some links to testnet faucets:

Anyone know a working Dogecoin testnet faucet, or willing to send testnet coins to address

nmfnMVSjfyfiv37HtbphRbLgMPUHQE7QdP so I can test? (Dogecoin mainnet is tested).

weixin_39776817

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