print ('%10s'%('test'))
print ('{:<10}'.format('test'))#left-aligned
print ('{:>10}'.format('test'))#left-aligned
print ('{:10}'.format('test'))# defaut(right-aligned)
print ('{:_<10}'.format('test'))#padding character "_"
print ('{:*<10}'.format('test'))#padding character "*"
print ('{:^10}'.format('test'))#center-aligned
print ('{:^10}'.format('ttest'))#center-aligned if uneven split
# Truncating long strings
print ('{:.5}'.format('xylophone'))
# Combining truncating and padding
print ('{:10.5}'.format('xylophone')) # truncating and padding
# Numbers
print ('{:d}'.format(42))
print ('{:f}'.format(3.14159))
# Padding numbers
print ('{:4d}'.format(4