java mysql 设置主从_MySQL搭建主从同步设置

主库：192.168.1.1

从库：192.168.1.2

数据文件存放位置：/var/mysql/data

待同步数据库：syncdb

一、设置MASTER

1、修改my.cnf

============================

# vi /etc/my.cnf

server-id = 1

log-bin

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

binlog-ignore-db=test

============================

2、赋予SLAVE权限帐号，允许用户在MASTER上LOAD TABLE和LOAD DATA

====================================================================

mysql> GRANT FILE,SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO slave@192.168.1.2 IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

====================================================================

3、锁主库表

===========================

mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;

===========================

4、显示主库信息

记录File和Position，从库设置将会用到

=====================

mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;

=====================

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File          | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.030 | 870279   |              |                  |

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

5、另开一个终端，打包主库

============================

# cd /var/mysql/data

# tar cvf syncdb.tar syncdb

============================

二、设置SLAVE

1、传输拿到主库包、解包

==============================

# cd /var/mysql/data

# scp 192.168.1.1:/var/mysql/data/syncdb.tar .

# tar xvf syncdb.tar

==============================

2、解锁主库表

=================

mysql> UNLOCK TABLES;

=================

3、查看修改syncdb文件夹权限

=====================

# chown mysql:mysql syncdb -R

=====================

4、修改my.cnf

====================

# vi /etc/my.cnf

# slave

server-id=2

master-host=192.168.1.1

master-user=slave

master-password=password

master-port=3306

replicate-do-db=syncdb

====================

5、验证连接MASTER

============================

# mysql -h192.168.1.1 -uslave -ppassword

mysql> show grants for slave@192.168.1.2;

============================

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Grants for slave@192.168.1.2                                                                                           |

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| GRANT SELECT, FILE, REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.1.2' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '9ff2c222f44c7bba5cc7e3b' |

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

6、在SLAVE上设置同步

设置连接MASTER MASTER_LOG_FILE为主库的File，MASTER_LOG_POS为主库的Position

============================

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.1',MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='password',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.030',MASTER_LOG_POS=870279;

============================

7、启动SLAVE服务

=============

mysql> slave start;

=============

8、查看SLAVE状态

=====================

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS;

=====================

其中 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 两列的值都为 "Yes"，表明 Slave 的 I/O 和 SQL 线程都在正常运行。

到此主从库搭建成功。

从库SLAVE启动问题

由于一些错误操作导致 CHANGE MASTER 和 SLAVE 服务无法启动，系统报错如下：

*****************************************************************

Could not initialize master info structure; more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log.

*****************************************************************

无法初始化master info结构，MySQL错误日志记录了更详细的错误信息。

解决方法：

1、查看MySQL错误日志，如：同步的上一个Position是多少，很多情况下无法启动服务是由于mysql识别的同步始终停留在上一个Position上。

2、查看master.info和relay-log.info，master.info 记录MASTER相关信息，relay-log.info 记录当前同步日志信息。

3、停止myslq服务，删除master.info和relay-log.info。

4、启动mysql服务。

5、重新CHANGE MASTER，重新启动SLAVE服务。