pythonrandint用法_Python randint()用法及代码示例

randint()是Python3中随机模块的内置函数。随机模块提供对各种有用功能的访问,其中一个功能可以生成随机数,即randint()。句法:

randint(start, end)

参数:

(start, end): Both of them must be integer type values.

返回值:

A random integer within the given range as parameters.

错误和异常:

ValueError:Returns a ValueError when floating

point values are passed as parameters.

TypeError:Returns a TypeError when anything other than

numeric values are passed as parameters.

代码1:

# Python3 program explaining work

# of randint() function

# imports random module

import random

# Generates a random number between

# a given positive range

r1 = random.randint(0, 10)

print("Random number between 0 and 10 is % s" % (r1))

# Generates a random number between

# two given negative range

r2 = random.randint(-10, -1)

print("

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以下是一个简单的 Python 扫雷游戏代码示例: ```python import random # 定义常量 BOMB = -1 HIDDEN = 0 UNCOVERED = 1 class Minesweeper: def __init__(self, rows, cols, bombs): self.rows = rows self.cols = cols self.bombs = bombs self.grid = [[HIDDEN] * cols for _ in range(rows)] self.generate_bombs() def generate_bombs(self): bombs_placed = 0 while bombs_placed < self.bombs: row = random.randint(0, self.rows - 1) col = random.randint(0, self.cols - 1) if self.grid[row][col] != BOMB: self.grid[row][col] = BOMB bombs_placed += 1 def uncover(self, row, col): if self.grid[row][col] == BOMB: return False elif self.grid[row][col] == HIDDEN: self.grid[row][col] = UNCOVERED if self.neighbor_bomb_count(row, col) == 0: for r in range(max(0, row - 1), min(row + 2, self.rows)): for c in range(max(0, col - 1), min(col + 2, self.cols)): if r != row or c != col: self.uncover(r, c) return True def neighbor_bomb_count(self, row, col): count = 0 for r in range(max(0, row - 1), min(row + 2, self.rows)): for c in range(max(0, col - 1), min(col + 2, self.cols)): if self.grid[r][c] == BOMB: count += 1 return count def __str__(self): result = '' for row in self.grid: for cell in row: if cell == UNCOVERED: count = self.neighbor_bomb_count(self.grid.index(row), row.index(cell)) result += str(count) if count > 0 else ' ' elif cell == HIDDEN: result += '*' else: result += 'X' result += '\n' return result[:-1] # 示例用法 game = Minesweeper(5, 5, 5) print(game) game.uncover(2, 2) print(game) ``` 该示例代码使用了一个 `Minesweeper` 类来表示扫雷游戏,并包含了以下方法: - `__init__(self, rows, cols, bombs)`:构造方法,初始化游戏的行数、列数和炸弹数,并生成游戏网格。 - `generate_bombs(self)`:随机生成指定数量的炸弹。 - `uncover(self, row, col)`:揭开指定位置的格子,并递归揭开周围的空格(如果有的话)。 - `neighbor_bomb_count(self, row, col)`:返回指定位置周围的炸弹数量。 - `__str__(self)`:将游戏网格转换为字符串,方便输出。 你可以根据自己的需求对这个示例代码进行修改和扩展。

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