linux下安装mysql_Linux下安装MySQL

主流数据库服务软件(RDBMS)：Oracle、DB2、MySQL、MariaDB、SQL Server

开源数据库软件：MySQL、MariaDB

商业数据库软件：Oracle、DB2、SQL Server(不跨平台)

跨平台数据库软件：Oracle、MySQL

关系型数据库(RDBMS)：必须按照预先设定好的结构去存储数据，并且数据之间可以关联操作查询；

MySQL安装

安装MySQL版本为5.7，Linux CentOS6系统

上传到服务器上，tar解压:

[root@server0 sh]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar[root@server0sh]# ls *.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

其中：

mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm主程序包，提供服务的主包

mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm管理工具数据库

剩下的都是辅助功能软件包，开始安装MySQL5.7：

[root@server0 sh]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm  #升级安装mysql，发现依赖包

warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

error: Failed dependencies:

libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64perl(JSON) is needed by mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

[root@server0sh]# yum -y install libnuma.so.1*  #安装依赖包[root@server0sh]# yum -y install perl-JSON #安装依赖包

[root@server0sh]# yum -y install perl-Time-HiRes #安装依赖包

[root@server0sh]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm  #再次执行，成功安装[root@server0 sh]#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql #查询MySQL是否安装成功

mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64

首次安装完成后mysql会自动创建/var/lib/mysql数据库目录，数据库目录/var/lib/mysql下是没有任何文件的，首次启动数据库的时候会数据初始化，初始化成功后在数据库目录/var/lib/mysql下自动生成文件，每次启动或重启数据库时会加载数据库目录下的文件，如果数据库目录下文件丢失那么会导致服务起不来！

[root@server0 mysql]# service mysqld start  #启动mysql

初始化 MySQL 数据库：                                      [确定]

正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定][root@server0 mysql]# service mysqld status  #查询服务状态

mysqld (pid  7745) 正在运行...

[root@server0 mysql]# pwd;ls;/var/lib/mysql

auto.cnf client-key.pem ib_logfile1 mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem

ca-key.pem ib_buffer_pool ibtmp1 performance_schema server-key.pem

ca.pem ibdata1 mysql private_key.pem sys

client-cert.pem ib_logfile0 mysql.sock public_key.pem[root@server0 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on  #设置mysql为开启自启动

[root@server0 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld --list

mysqld             0:关闭    1:关闭    2:启用    3:启用    4:启用    5:启用    6:关闭

mysql服务相关参数

主配置文件：/etc/my.cnf

数据库目录：/var/lib/mysql(自动创建)

默认端口号：3306

进程名：mysqld

传输协议：TCP

进程所有者：mysql

进程所属组：mysql

使用RPM安装方式会自动创建用户mysql，组mysql，数据库目录的属主组都是mysql，因为要对数据库目录进行读写；

[root@server0 ~]# ls -ld /var/lib/mysql

drwxr-x--x. 5 mysql mysql 4096 12月  4 23:21 /var/lib/mysql

总结：

1、解压

[root@server0 sh]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2、装包，并且安装依赖包

[root@server0 sh]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm

[root@server0sh]# yum -y install libnuma.so.1*

[root@server0sh]# yum -y install perl-JSON

[root@server0sh]# yum -y install perl-Time-HiRes

[root@server0sh]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm

3、启服务

[root@server0 mysql]# service mysqld start

4、开机自启

[root@server0 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on