oracle0级备份和全备份实录_0级备份和全备份的本质区别

准备：将测试环境的users表空间只读

测试：

1、数据库0级别备份

RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database tag 'levle0' format '/home/oracle/guo/%U';

Starting backup at 23-MAY-15

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00010 name=/u02/oradata/prod1/test_tbs.dbf

input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/guo/07q7mo4a_1_1 tag=LEVLE0 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/guo/08q7mo5e_1_1 tag=LEVLE0 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/EXAMPLE.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/indx.dbf

input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/TEST.dbf

input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/TOOLS.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/guo/09q7mo5h_1_1 tag=LEVLE0 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 23-MAY-15

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/flash/PROD1/autobackup/2015_05_23/o1_mf_s_880500914_bp17km40_.bkp comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-15

RMAN>

Starting backup at 13-10月-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00002 name=/data/oracle/oradata/zjcsc/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile fno=00001 name=/data/oracle/oradata/zjcsc/system01.dbf

input datafile fno=00005 name=/data/oracle/oradata/zjcsc/system02.dbf

input datafile fno=00017 name=/data/oracle/oradata/users02.dbf

input datafile fno=00006 name=/data/oracle/oradata/zjcsc/sysaux02.dbf

input datafile fno=00003 name=/data/oracle/oradata/zjcsc/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile fno=00004 name=/data/oracle/oradata/zjcsc/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 13-10月-11

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 13-10月-11

piece handle=/u/oracle/bak/lv1_ZJCSC_20111013_m6mp1ef8_1_1.bak tag=TAG20111013T215135 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:55

Finished backup at 13-10月-11

备份完成users表空间(只读)顺利备份

2、数据库1级别备份

RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database tag 'level1' format '/home/oracle/guo/%U';

Starting backup at 23-MAY-15

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00010 name=/u02/oradata/prod1/test_tbs.dbf

input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/guo/0bq7mo93_1_1 tag=LEVEL1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/guo/0cq7mo94_1_1 tag=LEVEL1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/EXAMPLE.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/indx.dbf

input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/TEST.dbf

input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/TOOLS.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/users01.dbf

skipping datafile 00004 because it has not changed

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/guo/0dq7mo96_1_1 tag=LEVEL1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 23-MAY-15

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-15

piece handle=/home/oracle/flash/PROD1/autobackup/2015_05_23/o1_mf_s_880501031_bp17o7q8_.bkp comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-15

RMAN>

结论：数据库0级备份是不会丢掉只读表空间的，只有1级的备份会因为只读表空间没有改变所以不会去备份它。

找到官方的说法：

Full

A backup of a datafile that includes every allocated block in the file being backed up. A full backup of a datafile can be an image copy, in which case every data block is backed up. It can also be stored in a backup set, in which case datafile blocks not in use may be skipped, according to rules in Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference.

A full backup cannot be part of an incremental backup strategy; that is, it cannot be the parent for a subsequent incremental backup.

Incremental

An incremental backup is either a level 0 backup, which includes every block in the file except blocks compressed out because they have never been used, or a level 1 backup, which includes only those blocks that have been changed since the parent backup was taken.

A level 0 incremental backup is physically identical to a full backup. The only difference is that the level 0 backup is recorded as an incremental backup in the RMAN repository, so it can be used as the parent for a level 1 backup.

Ps：至于全备份和0级别备份另一个差异，我觉得前面的引用英文说的很清楚了，全备份不能作为0级别备份，让1级别的备份以它为基础进行增量备份，因为它的备份信息里没有相关的增量备份信息。

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/24742969/viewspace-1668990/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。