Java 11没有引入突破性的功能,但包含了许多你可能还没有听说过的宝石:
1. Lambda参数的类型推断
List> types = /*...*/;
types.stream()// this is fine, but we need @Nonnull on the type.filter(type -> check(type))// in Java 10, we need to do this ~> ugh!.filter((@Nonnull EnterpriseGradeType type) -> check(type))// in Java 11, we can do this ~> better.filter((@Nonnull var type) -> check(type))
2.String :: lines
有多行字符串?想要对每一行做点什么吗?
var multiline = "This\r\nis a\r\nmultiline\r\nstring";
multiline.lines()// we now have a `Stream`.map(line ->"// "+ line)
.forEach(System.out::println);// OUTPUT:// This// is a// multiline// string3.使用'String :: strip'等来剥离空格
4. 用'String :: repeat'重复字符串
5. 使用'Path :: of'创建路径
Path tmp = Path.of("/home/nipa","tmp");
Path codefx = Path.of(URI.create("http://codefx.org"));
6. 使用'Files :: readString'和'Files :: writeString'读取和写入文件
String haiku = Files.readString(Path.of("haiku.txt"));
String modified = modify(haiku);
Files.writeString(Path.of("haiku-mod.txt"), modified);
7. 空读I / O使用'Reader :: nullReader
需要一个丢弃输入字节的 OutputStream吗?需要一个空的 InputStream?使用Reader和Writer但是什么也不做?Java 11让你满意:
InputStream input = InputStream.nullInputStream();
OutputStream output = OutputStream.nullOutputStream();
Reader reader = Reader.nullReader();
Writer writer = Writer.nullWriter();
8. 集合变成一个数组:Collection :: toArray
String[] strings_fun = list.toArray(String[]::new);
9. 使用Optional :: isEmpty表达不存在概念
public boolean needsToCompleteAddress(User user) {
return getAddressRepository()
.findAddressFor(user)
.map(this::canonicalize)
.filter(Address::isComplete)
.isEmpty();
}
10. 使用谓词::not 表达 “不”
Stream.of("a","b","","c")// statically import `Predicate.not`.filter(not(String::isBlank))
.forEach(System.out::println);
11. 使用'Pattern :: asMatchPredicate'作为谓词的正则表达式
Pattern nonWordCharacter = Pattern.compile("\\W");
Stream.of("Metallica","Motörhead")
.filter(nonWordCharacter.asMatchPredicate())
.forEach(System.out::println);
asMatchPredicate是要求整个字符串匹配,而asPredicate 只需要字符串中出现过或有匹配的一段子串即可,要求不高。