centos7部署两个mysql_centos7下mysql双主+keepalived

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-06 17:07:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-06 17:07:05 发布

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文章标签： centos7部署两个mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39793189/article/details/111539592

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keepalived是vrrp协议的实现，原生设计目的是为了高可用ipvs服务，keepalived能够配置文件中的定义生成ipvs规则，并能够对各RS的健康状态进行检测；通过共用的虚拟IP地址对外提供服务；每个热备组内同一时刻只有一台主服务器提供服务，其他服务器处于冗余状态，若当前在线的服务器宕机，其虚拟IP地址将会被其他服务器接替(优先级决定接替顺序)，实现高可用为后端主机提供服务。

二、keepalived组件

Keepalived组件介绍

core:keepalived核心组件，主进程的启动和维护，全局配置等。

vrrp stack:keepalived是基于vrrp协议实现高可用vps服务，vrrp则为相关子进程为其提供服务

check:检测keepalived的健康状态相关进程

system call:系统调用

watch dog:监控check和vrrp进程的看管者，check负责检测器子进程的健康状态，当其检测到master上的服务不可用时则通告vrrp将其转移至backup服务器上。

三环境准备

操作系统：centos7.1.1511(core)

数据库： mysql5.7.21 社区版

master1 ：10.0.0.11　　安装mysql 和keeplived

master2 ：10.0.0.12 安装mysql 和keeplived

VIP：10.0.0.20

要实现互为主从，就必须 mster1-->master2设置主从同步同时 master2--->master1 也设置主从同步

四、Mysql主主同步环境部署

---------------master1服务器操作记录---------------在my.cnf文件的[mysqld]配置区域添加下面内容：

[root@master1~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

server-id = 1log-bin = mysql-bin

sync_binlog= 1binlog_checksum=none

binlog_format=mixed

auto-increment-increment = 2auto-increment-offset = 1slave-skip-errors =all

[root@master1~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

创建一个复制用户

出了小问题，由于之前root用户的密码设置过于简单在创建复制用户时报如下错误

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to repl@'10.0.0.%' identified by '1qaz@WSX';

ERROR1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

按照提示将密码设置的复杂一点在授权创建就没有问题了

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1qaz@WSX';

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00sec)

mysql>flush privileges;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00sec)

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to repl@'10.0.0.%' identified by '1qaz@WSX';

Query OK,0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00sec)

mysql>flush privileges;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

锁表，待同步配置完成在解锁

mysql>flush tables with read lock;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看当前的binlog以及数据所在位置

mysql>show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000006 | 996 | | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

---------------master2服务器操作记录---------------在my.cnf文件的[mysqld]配置区域添加下面内容：

[root@master2~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

server-id = 2log-bin = mysql-bin

sync_binlog= 1binlog_checksum=none

binlog_format=mixed

auto-increment-increment = 2auto-increment-offset = 2slave-skip-errors =all

[root@master2~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to repl@'10.0.0.%' identified by '1qaz@WSX';

Query OK,0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01sec)

mysql>flush privileges;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看 master情况

mysql>show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000001 | 150 | | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

分别开启同步对方

---------------master1服务器做同步操作---------------mysql> unlock tables; //先解锁，将对方数据同步到自己的数据库中

mysql>slave stop；

mysql> change master to master_host='10.0.0.12',master_user='repl',master_password='1qaz@WSX',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=150;

Query OK,0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)

mysql>start slave;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

2)在master2数据库上写入新数据

mysql>create database hehe;

Query OK,1 row affected (0.00sec)

mysql> insert into huanqiu.haha values(3,"haha"),(4,"haha");

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

然后在master1数据库上查看，发现数据也已经同步过来了!mysql>show databases;+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| hehe |

| huanqiu |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00sec)

mysql> select * from huanqiu.haha;

+----+-----------+

| id | name |

+----+-----------+

| 1 | huangrong |

| 2 | guojing |

| 3 | haha |

| 4 | haha |

+----+-----------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

至此，Mysql主主同步环境已经实现。

五配置mysql+keepalived 高可用环境

1)安装keepalived并将其配置成系统服务。master1和master2两台机器上同样进行如下操作：

[root@master1~]# yum install -y openssl-devel

[root@master1~]# cd /usr/local/src/[root@master1 src]#wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

[root@master1 src]# tar -zvxf keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

[root@master1 src]# cd keepalived-1.3.5[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# make && make install[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/[root@master1 keepalived-1.3.5]# echo "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local

2)master1机器上的keepalived.conf配置。(下面配置中没有使用lvs的负载均衡功能，所以不需要配置虚拟服务器virtual server)

[root@master1 ~]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak

[root@master1~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ＃清空默认内容，直接采用下面配置：! Configuration File forkeepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

ops@wangshibo.cn

tech@wangshibo.cn

}

notification_email_from ops@wangshibo.cn

smtp_server127.0.0.1smtp_connect_timeout30router_id MASTER-HA

}

vrrp_script chk_mysql_port { #检测mysql服务是否在运行。有很多方式，比如进程，用脚本检测等等

script"/opt/chk_mysql.sh"#这里通过脚本监测

interval2#脚本执行间隔，每2s检测一次

weight-5 #脚本结果导致的优先级变更，检测失败(脚本返回非0)则优先级 -5fall2 #检测连续2次失败才算确定是真失败。会用weight减少优先级(1-255之间)

rise1#检测1次成功就算成功。但不修改优先级

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth0 #指定虚拟ip的网卡接口

mcast_src_ip10.0.0.11virtual_router_id51#路由器标识，MASTER和BACKUP必须是一致的

priority101#定义优先级，数字越大，优先级越高，在同一个vrrp_instance下，MASTER的优先级必须大于BACKUP的优先级。这样MASTER故障恢复后，就可以将VIP资源再次抢回来

advert_int1authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass1111}

virtual_ipaddress {10.0.0.20}

track_script {

chk_mysql_port

}

编写切换脚本。KeepAlived做心跳检测，如果Master的MySQL服务挂了(3306端口挂了),那么它就会选择自杀。Slave的KeepAlived通过心跳检测发现这个情况，就会将VIP的请求接管

[root@master1 ~]# vim /opt/chk_mysql.sh#!/bin/bash

counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|wc -l)if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then

/etc/init.d/keepalived stopfi

[root@master1 ~]# chmod 755 /opt/chk_mysql.sh启动keepalived服务

[root@master1~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

正在启动 keepalived： [确定]

4)master2机器上的keepalived配置。master2机器上的keepalived.conf文件只修改priority为90、nopreempt不设置、real_server设置本地IP。

[root@master2 ~]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak

[root@master2~]# >/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

[root@master2~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf! Configuration File forkeepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

ops@qq.com

tech@qq.com

}

notification_email_from ops@wangshibo.cn

smtp_server127.0.0.1smtp_connect_timeout30router_id MASTER-HA

}

vrrp_script chk_mysql_port {

script"/opt/chk_mysql.sh"interval2weight-5fall2rise1}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

mcast_src_ip10.0.0.12virtual_router_id51priority99advert_int1authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass1111}

virtual_ipaddress {10.0.0.20}

track_script {

chk_mysql_port

}

[root@master2~]# cat /opt/chk_mysql.sh#!/bin/bash

counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|wc -l)if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then

/etc/init.d/keepalived stopfi[root@master2~]# chmod 755 /opt/chk_mysql.sh[root@master2~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

正在启动 keepalived： [确定]

我这里启动时出现了问题，分析日志

tail -f /var/log/message

Mar31 14:28:14 master1 systemd: Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/ebtables.service is marked executable. Please remove executable permission bits. Proceeding anyway.

查看keepalived.service

# vi /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

[Unit]

Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor

After=syslog.target network-online.target

[Service]

Type=forking

# PIDFile=/usr/local/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid

# 上面这个注释掉改成下面因为这个默认路径不存在所以就无法写入进程ID文件

PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid

KillMode=process

EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived