mysql主从复制1064_MySQL数据库设置主从同步

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最新推荐文章于 2022-02-25 18:32:52 发布

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文章标签： mysql主从复制1064

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39793564/article/details/113602149

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主：

Enter password: *******

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.1.73-community-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| am-example |

| crm |

| masterdb |

| mysql |

| test |

+--------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use masterdb;

Database changed

mysql> select * from mastertable;

Empty set (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into mastertable('1','ford');

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that

corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''1','

ford')' at line 1

mysql> insert into mastertable(1,'ford');

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that

corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '1,'fo

rd')' at line 1

mysql> insert into mastertable values ('1','ford');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> insert into mastertable(2,'Jon');

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that

corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '2,'Jo

n')' at line 1

mysql> insert into mastertable values ('2','Jon');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 1 | ford |

| 2 | Jon |

+------+------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 1 | ford |

| 2 | Jon |

+------+------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mastertable where id=1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> delete from mastertable where id=2;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.15 sec)

mysql>

从：

[root@localhost etc]# vi my.cnf

[root@localhost etc]# service mysql stop

Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!

[root@localhost etc]# service mysql start

Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS!

[root@localhost etc]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.1.73-community-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.2.39',master_user='slave_account',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=332;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.2.39

Master_User: slave_account

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 332

Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 251

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 332

Relay_Log_Space: 410

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| test |

+--------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| masterdb |

| mysql |

| test |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use masterdb;

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

+--------------------+

| Tables_in_masterdb |

+--------------------+

| mastertable |

+--------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

Empty set (0.06 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 1 | ford |

| 2 | Jon |

+------+------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mastertable where id=1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 2 | Jon |

+------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 2 | Jon |

+------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from mastertable;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

最后一定要记得打开从的只读：

主从复制中容易出现的问题：

1.限制从服务器只读，保证主从数据一致。

show global variables like ‘%read%‘

更改slave的全局服务器变量read_only为on

set global read_only on

从节点上授权只读 set global read_only = 1;如果永久有效更改mysql的my.ini 或my.cnf，在[mysql] 中设置read_only = 1

2.保证主从复制时的事务安全

如果mysql比较繁忙它会把二进制日志缓存在内存中，不繁忙时才会把他写到磁盘中，前提就是mysql对二进制日志事件数据会缓冲。在master上设置如下参数 set global sync_binlog = 1 事物一提交，就必须同步二进制日志，这样会降低性能，但是数据非常重要的情况下。

------------------------------------------------------------

MYSQL主从同步是目前使用比较广泛的数据库架构，技术比较成熟，配置也不复杂，特别是对于负载比较大的网站，主从同步能够有效缓解数据库读写的压力。

MySQL主从同步的机制

MYSQL主从同步是在MySQL主从复制(Master-Slave Replication)基础上实现的，通过设置在Master MySQL上的binlog(使其处于打开状态)，Slave MySQL上通过一个I/O线程从Master MySQL上读取binlog，然后传输到Slave MySQL的中继日志中，然后Slave MySQL的SQL线程从中继日志中读取中继日志，然后应用到Slave MySQL的数据库中。这样实现了主从数据同步功能。

MySQL主从同步的作用

1、可以作为一种备份机制，相当于热备份

2、可以用来做读写分离，均衡数据库负载

MySQL主从同步的步骤

一、准备操作

1、主从数据库版本一致，建议版本5.5以上

2、主从数据库数据一致

二、主数据库master修改

1、修改MySQL配置：

[plain] view plaincopy在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# 日志文件名

log-bin = mysql-bin

# 主数据库端ID号

server-id = 1

2、重启mysql，创建用于同步的账户：

[plain] view plaincopy在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# 创建slave帐号slave_account，密码123456

mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave_account'@'%' identified by '123456';

# 更新数据库权限

mysql>flush privileges;

3、查询master的状态

[plain] view plaincopy

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000009 | 196 | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set

注：执行完这个步骤后不要再操作主数据库了，防止主数据库状态值变化

三、从数据库slave修改

1、修改MySQL配置：

[plain] view plaincopy在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# 从数据库端ID号

server-id =2

2、执行同步命令

[plain] view plaincopy在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# 执行同步命令，设置主数据库ip，同步帐号密码，同步位置

mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.1.2',master_user='slave_account',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000009',master_log_pos=196;

# 开启同步功能

mysql>start slave;

3、检查从数据库状态：

[plain] view plaincopy

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.1.2

Master_User: slave_account

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 196

Relay_Log_File: vicky-relay-bin.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 253

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

...

注：Slave_IO_Running及Slave_SQL_Running进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则说明同步失败。

到这里，主从数据库设置工作已经完成，自己可以新建数据库和表，插入和修改数据，测试一下是否成功

四、其他可能用到的相关参数

1、master端：

[plain] view plaincopy在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# 不同步哪些数据库

binlog-ignore-db = mysql

binlog-ignore-db = test

binlog-ignore-db = information_schema

# 只同步哪些数据库，除此之外，其他不同步

binlog-do-db = game

# 日志保留时间

expire_logs_days = 10

# 控制binlog的写入频率。每执行多少次事务写入一次

# 这个参数性能消耗很大，但可减小MySQL崩溃造成的损失

sync_binlog = 5

# 日志格式，建议mixed

# statement 保存SQL语句

# row 保存影响记录数据

# mixed 前面两种的结合

binlog_format = mixed

2、slave端：

[plain] view plaincopy

# 停止主从同步

mysql> stop slave;

# 连接断开时，重新连接超时时间

mysql> change master to master_connect_retry=50;

# 开启主从同步

mysql> start slave;

以上连接超时设置，类似方式可用于设置主数据库ip，同步帐号密码，同步位置

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2015-03-14 22:43

weixin_39793564

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mysql主从复制1064_MySQL数据库设置主从同步

主：Enter password: *******Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.1.73-community-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2013...
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