shell输出uid小于100的_Shell脚本的第一行空白：解释UID变量的行为

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-28 16:30:58 发布

weixin_39801356

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-28 16:30:58 发布

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文章标签： shell输出uid小于100的

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39801356/article/details/111785190

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I have two very simple scripts, differing only by the presence of a blank first line:

$ cat test.bash

#!/bin/bash

echo ${UID}

$ cat test_blank.bash

#!/bin/bash

echo ${UID}

Now I run then, with and without nice:

$ ./test.bash

1060

$ ./test_blank.bash

1060

$ nice ./test.bash

1060

$ nice ./test_blank.bash

Please explain why, in the final case, the UID variable is unset. The behavior is the same when replacing nice with sudo or nohup.

解决方案

Observe:

$ bash test_blank.bash

1060

$ dash test_blank.bash

bash produces output but dash, which is the default sh on debian-like systems, does not. This is because bash sets UID but dash does not. (POSIX does not require a shell to set UID.) So, the question becomes which shell executes the script.

When bash sees ./test.sh, it (bash) runs the script. When another command, such as nice, receives the script as an argument and the script does not have a valid shebang as the first line, then the default shell, likely dash, is run.

If you want UID in dash, or any other shell that does not provide it, use the id command:

UID=$(id -u)

Finding out which shell is running a script

To see which shell is running a script, use:

$ cat test2.sh

#!/bin/bash

ps $$

echo UID=${UID}

Under bash:

$ ./test2.sh

PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND

1652 pts/12 S+ 0:00 bash -rcfile .bashrc