一,资料学习
二,Spring Data JPA介绍
1,Spring Data: Spring的一个子项目,Spring数据访问框架,包含众多系列如:Spring Data Redis,Spring Data REST,Spring Data JPA
SpringData 项目所支持 NoSQL 存储:
- MongoDB (文档数据库)
- Neo4j(图形数据库)
- Redis(键/值存储)
- Hbase(列族数据库)
SpringData 项目所支持的关系数据存储技术:
- JDBC
- JPA
2,JPA:Java持久层API JAP本质上就是一种ORM规范。
3,Spring Data JPA:JPA规范的实现。
4、Hibernate:JPA规范的实现。
三,Spring Data JPA所需依赖
<!-- spring data jpa -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.6.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.3.6.Final</version>
</dependency>
四,核心接口
Repository ← CrudRepository ← PagingAndSortingRepository ← JpaRepository
JpaSpecificaionExecutor
← 表示继承
1、Repository
2、CrudRepository
3、 PagingAndSortingRepository
4、JpaRepository
5、JpaSpecificaionExecutor
五,方法命名规则查询
六,配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:META-INF/spring/*.properties" />
<!-- mysql数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${mysql.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${mysql.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${mysql.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${mysql.password}" />
</bean>
<!-- entityManagerFactory primary="true" 首选-->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" primary="true" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- jap适配器 jpa实现方式 -->
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
</property>
<!-- 包扫描 -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="demo.springdatajap"/>
<!-- jpa属性 -->
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<!-- 命名策略 -->
<prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
<!-- 数据库方言 -->
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<!-- 显示sql -->
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<!-- 格式化sql -->
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<!-- 根据实体更新维护表 -->
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 transactionManager -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置支持注解的事务-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" mode="aspectj"/>
<!-- 配置spring data-->
<jpa:repositories base-package="demo.springdatajap"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
七,使用
演示JpaRepository和JpaSpecificationExecutor,其它请下载源码查看
实体类
package demo.springdatajap.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity(name="User")
@Table(name="user")
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@Column(name="id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
@Column(name="name")
private String name;
@Column(name="age")
private Integer age;
@Column(name="password")
private String password;
/*省略get和set方法*/
}
数据持久层
package demo.springdatajap.dao;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import demo.springdatajap.entity.User;
@Repository
public interface UserJpaSpecificaionExecutorRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<User>{
}
测试
package demo.springdatajap.test;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
import javax.persistence.criteria.Path;
import javax.persistence.criteria.Predicate;
import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import demo.springdatajap.SpringbootApplication;
import demo.springdatajap.dao.UserJpaSpecificaionExecutorRepository;
import demo.springdatajap.entity.User;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//classes = SpringbootApplication.class SpringbootApplication为启动类
@SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootApplication.class)
public class UserJpaSpecificaionExecutorRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
UserJpaSpecificaionExecutorRepository userJpaSpecificaionExecutorRepository;
@Test
public void findAll() {
Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC,"id");
Sort sort = new Sort(order);
//PageRequest(int page, int size)page:index是从0开始的
Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0,5,sort);
/**
* root:就是我们要查询的类型 (User)
* query: 查询的条件
* cb:构建Predicate
*/
Specification<User> specification = new Specification<User>() {
@Override
public Predicate toPredicate(Root<User> root,
CriteriaQuery<?> query,
CriteriaBuilder cb) {
Path path = root.get("age");
return cb.gt(path, 18);//age>50
}
};
Page<User> page = userJpaSpecificaionExecutorRepository.findAll(specification,pageable);
System.out.println("总页数:"+page.getTotalPages());
System.out.println("总记录数:"+page.getTotalElements());
System.out.println("当前页数:"+(page.getNumber()+1));
System.out.println("当前集合:"+page.getContent());
System.out.println("每页条数:"+page.getNumberOfElements());
}
}