2020-10-25

设计模式之策略模式（来自大话设计模式）
组成类：一个父类（Strategy：策略类），n个子类（ConcretaStrategy），一个上下文（Context），一个客户端
策略模式（Strategy）:它定义了算法家族，分别封装起来，让它们之间可以相互替换，此模式让算法的变化，不会影响到算法的客户。（DP）
UML:

例子：商场收费，这里将策略模式和简单工厂模式结合起来，
现金收费父类(策略类)

public abstract class CashSuper {
    public abstract double acceptCash(double money);
}

正常收费子类

class CashNormal extends CashSuper{
    @Override
    public double acceptCash(double money) {
        return money;
    }
}

打折收费子类

class CashRebate extends CashSuper{
     //打折尺度
    private double moneyRebate = 1d;
    public CashRebate(double moneyRebate) {
        this.moneyRebate = moneyRebate;
    }
    @Override
    public double acceptCash(double money) {
        return money * moneyRebate;
    }
}

满减收费子类

class CashReturn extends CashSuper{
    private double moneyCondition = 0.0d;
    private double moneyReturn = 0.0d;

    public CashReturn(double moneyCondition, double moneyReturn) {
        this.moneyCondition = moneyCondition;
        this.moneyReturn = moneyReturn;
    }

    @Override
    public double acceptCash(double money) {
        double result = money;
        if(money >= moneyCondition){
            result = money - Math.floor(money / moneyCondition) * moneyReturn;
        }
        return result;
    }
}

上下文（Context）

public class CashContext {
    CashSuper cs = null;

    public CashContext(String type){
        switch (type){
            case "正常收费":
                CashNormal cn = new CashNormal();
                cs = cn;
                break;
            case "打8折":
                CashRebate cr1 = new CashRebate(0.8);
                cs = cr1;
                break;
            case "满300减100":
                CashReturn cr2 = new CashReturn(300,100);
                cs = cr2;
                break;
        }
    }

    public double GetResult(double money){
        return cs.acceptCash(money);
    }
}

客户端

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
	// write your code here
        Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in);
        while (cin.hasNext()){
            Double money = cin.nextDouble();
            String type = cin.next();
          CashContext context = new CashContext(type);
         System.out.println(context.GetResult(money));
        }
    }
}

总结：可以在客户端看出，现在只需写一个CashContext,之前的简单工厂需要写CashSuper和CashFactory，进一步解耦了。