python自动测试t_Pytest的UI测试自动化

1.目的

自动化测试可以反复迅速的执行一些测试用例，从而降低执行的成本，提升了回归的速

度，可以让团队把回归的精力放在另一些不合适用自动化测试去实现的。

2.用到的python轮子

Pytest、Xpath、Allure

3.简单粗暴上代码

3.1 base.py 对selenium的二次封装

def find(self, locator):

"""定位到元素，返回元素对象，没定位到，Timeout异常"""

if not isinstance(locator, tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误，locator必须是元祖类型：loc = ('id','value1')"))

else:

self.log.info("正在定位元素信息：定位方式->%s,value值->%s" % (locator[0], locator[1]))

#print("正在定位元素信息：定位方式->%s,value值->%s" % (locator[0], locator[1]))

try:

ele = WebDriverWait(self.driver, self.timeout, self.t).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))

except TimeoutException as msg:

self.log.info('定位元素出现超时！')

raise msg

return ele

def finds(self,locator):

'''复数定位，返回elements对象 list'''

if not isinstance(locator,tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info('参数类型错误，locator必须是元组类型：loc = ("id","value")'))

else:

self.log.info("正在定位元素信息：定位方式->%s,value值->%s" % (locator[0], locator[1]))

#print("正在定位元素信息：定位方式->%s,value值->%s"%(locator[0],locator[1]))

try:

eles = WebDriverWait(self.driver, self.timeout, self.t).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located(locator))

except TimeoutException as msg:

self.log.info('定位元素出现超时！')

raise msg

return eles

def writein(self,locator,text = ""):

'''写入文本'''

ele = self.find(locator)

if ele.is_displayed():

ele.send_keys(text)

else:

raise ElementNotVisibleException(self.log.info("元素不可见或者不唯一无法输入"))

def click(self,locator):

'''点击元素'''

ele = self.find(locator)

if ele.is_displayed():

ele.click()

else:

raise ElementNotVisibleException(self.log.info("元素不可见或者不唯一无法点击"))

def clear(self,locator):

'''清空输入框文本'''

ele = self.find(locator)

if ele.is_displayed():

ele.clear()

else:

raise ElementNotVisibleException(self.log.info("元素不可见或者不唯一"))

def is_selected(self,locator):

'''判断元素是否被选中，返回bool值'''

ele = self.find(locator)

r = ele.is_selected()

return r

def is_element_exist(self,locator):

'''是否找到'''

try:

self.find(locator)

return True

except :

return False

def is_title(self,title = ""):

'''返回bool值'''

try:

result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,self.timeout,self.t).until(EC.title_is(title))

return result

except :

return False

def is_title_contains(self, title=''):

"""返回bool值"""

try:

result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, self.timeout, self.t).until(EC.title_contains(title))

return result

except:

return False

def is_text_in_element(self,locator,text = ''):

'''返回bool值'''

if not isinstance(locator,tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误，locator必须是元祖类型：loc = ('id','value1')"))

try:

result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, self.timeout, self.t).until(

EC.text_to_be_present_in_element(locator, text))

return result

except :

return False

def is_value_in_element(self,locator,value = ""):

if not isinstance(locator, tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误，locator必须是元祖类型：loc = ('id','value1')"))

try:

result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, self.timeout, self.t).until(

EC.text_to_be_present_in_element_value(locator, value))

return result

except:

return False

def is_alert(self,timeout = 8):

try:

result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, self.t).until(EC.alert_is_present())

return result

except:

return False

def get_title(self):

"""获取title"""

return self.driver.title

def get_text(self, locator):

"""获取文本"""

if not isinstance(locator, tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误，locator必须是元祖类型：loc = ('id','value1')"))

try:

t = self.find(locator).text

return t

except:

self.log.info("获取text失败，返回''")

#print("获取text失败，返回''")

return ""

def get_attribute(self, locator, name):

"""获取属性"""

if not isinstance(locator, tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误，locator必须是元祖类型：loc = ('id','value1')"))

try:

element = self.find(locator)

return element.get_attribute(name)

except:

self.log.info("获取%s属性失败，返回''" % name)

#print("获取%s属性失败，返回''" % name)

return ''

def js_focus_element(self,locator):

'''聚焦元素'''

if not isinstance(locator,tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误"))

target = self.find(locator)

self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", target)

def js_scroll_top(self):

'''滚到顶部'''

js = "window.scrollTo(0,0)"

self.driver.execute_script(js)

def js_scroll_end(self,x = 0):

'''滚到底部'''

js = "window.scrollTo(%s, document.body.scrollHeight)" % x

self.driver.execute_script(js)

def select_by_index(self,locator,index =0):

'''通过索引，index是索引第几个，从0开始，默认第一个'''

if not isinstance(locator,tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误"))

element = self.find(locator)

Select(element).select_by_index(index)

def select_by_value(self, locator, value):

"""通过value属性"""

if not isinstance(locator, tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误"))

element = self.find(locator)

Select(element).select_by_value(value)

def select_by_text(self,locator,text):

"""通过文本值定位"""

element = self.find(locator)

Select(element).select_by_visible_text(text)

def switch_iframe(self, id_index_locator):

"""切换iframe"""

try:

if isinstance(id_index_locator, int):

self.driver.switch_to.frame(id_index_locator)

elif isinstance(id_index_locator, str):

self.driver.switch_to.frame(id_index_locator)

elif isinstance(id_index_locator, tuple):

ele = self.find(id_index_locator)

self.driver.switch_to.frame(ele)

except:

self.log.info("iframe切换异常")

#print("iframe切换异常")

def switch_handle(self,window_name):

self.driver.switch_to.window(window_name)

def switch_alert(self):

r = self.is_alert()

if not r:

self.log.info("alert不存在")

#print("alert不存在")

else:

return r

def move_to_element(self, locator):

"""鼠标悬停操作"""

if not isinstance(locator, tuple):

raise LocatorTypeError(self.log.info("参数类型错误"))

ele = self.find(locator)

ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(ele).perform()

3.2 实例 可以不用yml文件

import pytest

import allure

from common.log import Log

from common.read_yml import ReadYaml

from pages.login_page import LoginPage

from selenium import webdriver

testdata = ReadYaml('login_page.yml').get_yaml_data()#读取数据

class Test_login():

log = Log()

# // 项目名称

@allure.feature("功能点：用户登录页面")

@allure.description("描述：用户登录流程")

# # 分组、用例名称

@allure.story("用例：用户登录")

@pytest.mark.parametrize("username,password,msg", testdata["test_login_success_data"])

# @pytest.mark.skip('跳过该成功用例')

def test_success_login(self, driver, username, password, msg):

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

web = LoginPage(driver)

web.login(user=username, allure=allure)

allure.attach(driver.get_screenshot_as_png(), "运行截图", attachment_type=allure.attachment_type.PNG)

# result = web.is_login_success(expect_text=msg)

# self.log.info("登录结果：%s"%result)

# 断言成功失败 boolean参数

assert 1

def test_fail_login(self,driver):

with allure.step("打开服务平台"):

print("1111")

with allure.step("失败"):

print(2222)

assert 1

if __name__ == '__main__':

pytest.main(['-s', './test_login.py', '--alluredir', 'temp'])

3.3 login_page.py

from common.base import Base

from common.des_decrypt import get_code, decrypt_des

from common.read_yml import ReadYaml

from data.home import Home_Xpath, Assess_Xpath, Login_Xpath

testelement = ReadYaml("login_page.yml").get_yaml_data()

class LoginPage(Base):

def login(self, user, allure):

with allure.step("打开平台地址"):

self.driver.get(self.base_url)

with allure.step("点击第一个按钮"):

# self.click(self.loc1)

self.click(Home_Xpath.assess_button)

with allure.step("点击登录注册"):

self.click(Assess_Xpath.login_button)

with allure.step("登录页面 输入手机号"):

self.writein(Login_Xpath.phone_input, user)

# 输入验证码

self.writein(Login_Xpath.verification_code_input, "666666")

# 点击同意协议

self.click(Login_Xpath.agree_button)

# 点击登录

self.click(Login_Xpath.login_button)

# self.input_password(password)

# self.click_button()

def is_login_success(self, expect_text='登录注册'):

text = self.get_text(self.loc2)

self.log.info("获取到断言元素的文本内容：%s" % text)

return expect_text != text

def is_login_fail(self, expect_text='请输入正确的用户名和密码'):

text = self.get_text(self.loc5)

self.log.info("获取到断言元素的文本内容：%s" % text)

return expect_text in text

执行完成后

找到temp文件路径

执行命令

allure generate ./temp -o ./report --clean

生成一个report文件。