mysql 多语句脚本执行错误_Oracle基础多条sql执行在中间的语句出现错误时的控制方式...

多条sql执行时如果在中间的语句出现错误，后续会不会直接执行，如何进行设定，以及其他数据库诸如Mysql是如何对应的，这篇文章将会进行简单的整理和说明。

环境准备

使用Oracle的精简版创建docker方式的demo环境，详细可参看：

多行语句的正常执行

对上篇文章创建的两个字段的学生信息表，正常添加三条数据，详细如下：

# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE <

> desc student

> select * from student;

> insert into student values (1001, 'liumiaocn');

> insert into student values (1002, 'liumiao');

> insert into student values (1003, 'michael');

> commit;

> select * from student;

> EOF

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:08:35 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)

STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)

SQL>

no rows selected

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL>

Commit complete.

SQL>

STUID STUNAME

---------- --------------------------------------------------

1001 liumiaocn

1002 liumiao

1003 michael

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

#

多行语句中间出错时的缺省动作

问题：

三行insert语句，如果中间的一行出错，缺省的状况下第三行会不会被插入进去？

我们将第二条insert语句的主键故意设定重复，然后进行确认第三条数据是否会进行插入即可。

# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE <

desc student

delete from student;

select * from student;

insert into student values (1001, 'liumiaocn');

insert into student values (1001, 'liumiao');

insert into student values (1003, 'michael');

select * from student;

commit;> > > > >

> EOF

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:15:16 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)

STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)

SQL>

2 rows deleted.

SQL>

no rows selected

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL> insert into student values (1001, 'liumiao')

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYSTEM.SYS_C007024) violated

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL>

STUID STUNAME

---------- --------------------------------------------------

1001 liumiaocn

1003 michael

SQL> SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

#

结果非常清晰地表明是会继续执行的，在oracle中通过什么来对其进行控制呢？

WHENEVER SQLERROR

答案很简单，在oracle中通过WHENEVER SQLERROR来进行控制。

WHENEVER SQLERROR {EXIT [SUCCESS | FAILURE | WARNING | n | variable | :BindVariable] [COMMIT | ROLLBACK] | CONTINUE [COMMIT | ROLLBACK | NONE]}

WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT

添加此行设定，即会在失败的时候立即推出，接下来我们进行确认：

# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE <

WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT

desc student

delete from student;

select * from student;

insert into student values (1001, 'liumiaocn');

insert into student values (1001, 'liumiao');

insert into student values (1003, 'michael');

select * from student;

commit;> > > > > > > > >

> EOF

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:27:15 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> SQL> Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)

STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)

SQL>

2 rows deleted.

SQL>

no rows selected

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL> insert into student values (1001, 'liumiao')

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYSTEM.SYS_C007024) violated

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

#

WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE

使用CONTINUE则和缺省方式下的行为一致，出错仍然继续执行

# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE <

WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE

desc student

delete from student;

select * from student;

insert into student values (1001, 'liumiaocn');

insert into student values (1001, 'liumiao');

insert into student values (1003, 'michael');

select * from student;

commit;> > > > > > > > >

> EOF

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:31:54 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> SQL> Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)

STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)

SQL>

1 row deleted.

SQL>

no rows selected

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL> insert into student values (1001, 'liumiao')

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYSTEM.SYS_C007024) violated

SQL>

1 row created.

SQL>

STUID STUNAME

---------- --------------------------------------------------

1001 liumiaocn

1003 michael

SQL>

Commit complete.

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

#

Mysql中类似的机制

mysql中使用source是否提供相关的类似机制的问题中，最终引入了Oracle此项功能在mysql中引入的建议，详细请参看：

所以目前这只是一个sqlplus端的强化功能，并非标准，不同数据库需要确认相应的功能是否存在。

小结

Oracle中使用WHENEVER SQLERROR进行出错控制是否继续，本文给出的例子非常简单，详细功能的使用可根据文中列出的Usage进行自行验证和探索。

总结

以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，谢谢大家对脚本之家的支持。如果你想了解更多相关内容请查看下面相关链接